Currency of Établissements français de l'Inde until 1954
French India (Établissements français de l'Inde) comprised five settlements on the Indian subcontinent: Pondicherry (Puducherry), Karikal, Mahé, Yanaon (Yanam), and Chandernagore. France maintained these territories from the 17th century until their transfer to India between 1950 and 1954.
The Banque de l'Indochine was responsible for issuing paper currency in French India. The currency was the French Indian Rupee, which was pegged to the Indian Rupee. These notes featured distinctive French colonial designs blending European and Indian artistic elements.
French India banknotes are among the rarest and most sought-after items in Asian numismatics due to the small population and limited circulation area.
French Settlements
Transfer to India
| Denomination: | 1 Roupie |
|---|---|
| Year: | 1945 |
| Issuer: | Banque de l'Indochine |
| Design: | Woman with tropical fruit |
| Place of Issue: | Pondichéry |
| Condition: | Very Fine (VF) |
This small denomination note features a woman holding tropical fruits, symbolizing the agricultural wealth of the region. The design reflects the French colonial artistic style combined with local Indian motifs.
| Denomination: | 5 Roupies |
|---|---|
| Year: | 1946 |
| Issuer: | Banque de l'Indochine |
| Design: | Temple and landscape |
| Place of Issue: | Pondichéry |
| Condition: | Fine (F) |
This note features traditional South Indian temple architecture, reflecting the cultural heritage of the Coromandel Coast where most French Indian settlements were located.
| Denomination: | 10 Roupies |
|---|---|
| Year: | 1945 |
| Issuer: | Banque de l'Indochine |
| Design: | Helmeted female figure (Marianne) |
| Place of Issue: | Pondichéry |
| Condition: | Very Fine (VF) |
The helmeted female figure represents Marianne, the national symbol of France. This design was commonly used across French colonial currencies to represent French sovereignty.
| Denomination: | 50 Roupies |
|---|---|
| Year: | 1936 |
| Issuer: | Banque de l'Indochine |
| Portrait: | Joseph François Dupleix |
| Place of Issue: | Pondichéry |
| Condition: | Good (G) |
Dupleix was the Governor-General of French establishments in India from 1742 to 1754. He attempted to expand French influence in India and his portrait appears on several French Indian banknotes.
The largest and most important French settlement, serving as the capital of French India. It was the main center for currency issuance and administration.
Located on the Coromandel Coast, Karikal was acquired by France in 1739 and remained under French control until 1954.
The only French settlement on the Malabar Coast (western India), Mahé was known for pepper trade.
A small settlement on the east coast near the mouth of the Godavari River, Yanaon was the smallest of the five settlements.
Located near Calcutta in Bengal, Chandernagore was transferred to India in 1950, four years before the other settlements. It had been an important trading post since 1673.
The Banque de l'Indochine issued notes specifically for French India from 1898. The final series was issued around 1945-46 before the territories were transferred to India.