BASILICA P.W.THE BIRTH OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY

The central place of modern Chełm is the gentle hill, called the Chełm Hill, and in the past the Cathedral Hill or the Starościńska Hill. The main object is the majestic late-Baroque BASILICA P.W.THE BIRTH OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY, which dates back to the thirteenth century. The existing building was built in 1735-1756 according to the design of Paweł Fontana. The founder of the church was the Uniate bishop of Chełm, Filip Wołodkowicz, and construction works were directed by Tomasz Rezler. In the temple, the miraculous painting of Our Lady of Chelm was crowned on September 15, 1765. After the union was dissolved by the tsarist authorities in 1875, the church was thoroughly transformed, giving it a Byzantine-Russian character and turning into an Orthodox cathedral. In 1919, the church was handed over to Catholics and initially Jesuits took care of it. In 1931, the parish of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary was erected. Despite the removal of many original elements, especially wooden equipment designed by Michał Filewicz, the temple is an extremely valuable architectural monument. Interesting is also the equipment, especially the two paintings by Franciszek Smuglewicz and the late baroque ANTEPEDIUM made of silver sheet, depicting the tribute of the knights of the image of MB Chelm after the Battle of Berestechko. The Basilica is also an old Marian sanctuary, created on the basis of the cult image of the Mother of God Chełmska. Unfortunately, the original icon, probably from Byzantium, was taken by Russians in 1915 and is now stored in Lutsk, Ukraine. From the interwar period in Chełm there is only a replica of the painting. In 1791, General Tadeusz Kościuszko paid a visit to Bishop Porfire Ważyński on Gorce Chełmska, who particularly valued the Chełm land and its inhabitants. Three years later, on April 6, 1794, the Chełm nobility started the Kościuszko Uprising. Another important guest of Górka Chełmska was the future primate of Poland, Stefan Wyszyński, who in 1945 made a coronation of the image of Our Lady of Chełm in 1945 as bishop of Lublin. Find out more...

PARISH CHURCH OF APOSTLES THE MESSENGERS

The historic price complex in Chełm is located in the center of the city complex Piarist buildings. The main building for the late baroque church p.w. Sending the Holy Apostles. Existing the church was built in 1753-1763 and belongs to the most beautiful monuments in the eastern part Poland. Among the founders were the Crown Hetman Wacław Rzewuski, Andrzej and Marianna from Radzymiński Wolski. The design of the temple was created by Paweł Fontana and the church in Chełm belongs to his most outstanding works. The building was managed by Tomasz Rezler, i the interior design is made of sculptures and wooden elements by Michał Filewicz, paintings by authorship Szymon Czechowicz and the polychrome of Józef Mayer, court painter of the Polish King Augustus III. Extremely beautiful church shape, whose octagonal shape is complemented by a row of connected ones chapels and two towers, situated in the corners of the façade, still delight with their shape and the interior of the temple attracts with the richness of decoration and decoration. The whole is finished two figures, set in front of the church, depicting the patron saint of the Piarists. Józef Kalasanty and Our Lady of Grace. On the left side of the square in front of the temple in 1995. Dedicated stone to Marianna Wolska. Find out more...

Orthodox church of St. Therese

Traditions of the Chełm Orthodox Church are cultivated by CERKIEW PRAWOSŁAWNA P.W. ST. JOHAN THEOLOGIST, APOSTLE AND EVANGELIST. The origins of the temple date back to the mid-nineteenth century. The temple was consecrated on June 13, 1852. After a short period of functioning as a garrison building, in 1864, the church of St. John the Theologian was transformed into a parish church. After Poland regained its independence, the temple was the only one remaining in the possession of the Chełm's Orthodox community. In 1927, the temple was renovated, and ten years later, a plan for the extension of the church to the east was prepared.Orthodox church of St. Jan Theologian to this day serves as the center of the Orthodox Church in Chełm. Currently, the number of Orthodox people is estimated at approximately 100 families. After the Second World War, the site was renovated (in 1949 and 1990) and the iconostasis was restored (in 1991-1993). Appreciating the picturesque nature of the temple in 1999, the city authorities funded the illumination of the church. Find out more...

Chełm Underground Chalk Historic Chalk Mine

Chełm Underground Chalk is a unique labyrinth of underground corridors carved in the Cretaceous, which on five levels stretches several dozen kilometers below the Chełm's Old Town. The underground was created over several hundred years. The chalk, edited under bourgeois houses, served as building material in ancient times. Gradual gouging of underground corridors by generations of Chełm townsmen took place without any projects or arrangements. In this way, a labyrinth of chalk dungeons was created, which today is a tourist attraction of extraordinary value. During the tour of the almost two-kilometer route, which tourists cover in about 50 minutes, you can get acquainted with numerous geological, archaeological and historical expositions. Special attractions include the glass of the Old Town well, used from the fifteenth to the eighteenth century, reconstructed now on the former Old Town market, currently bearing the name of the Chelm socialist Dr. Edward Łuczkowski. The underground maintains a constant temperature of + 9 ° C throughout the year and a humidity of 70-80%. Find out more...

Old town

To the west of the Chełmska Hill stretches the Old Town, whose origins date back to the times of Duke Daniel Romanowicz, when a city settlement surrounded by ramparts was built. On its basis, in 1392, a city was founded under the Magdeburg Law, which defacto existed earlier as a city "on Polish and Russian law". In the 16th century, the first suburbs were built outside the city walls: Lubelskie along the Lublin and Brzeskie routes in the northern part of the city. In the next century, new suburbs appeared - Podwale and Lwowskie. After the liquidation of the city walls at the beginning of the 19th century, the center and suburbs became more and more transformed into a uniform urban organism. Until the nineteenth century, wooden buildings dominated in the city, although in 1788, after a huge fire, state authorities recommended the construction of brick buildings in the city center. The market and ul. Lubelska, the main communication line of the city. He began an intense construction movement at the end of the 19th century. At that time, tenement houses at Lubelska and Reformacka, Kopernik, Krzywa, Pocztowa and Lwowskie were preserved. Currently, the central place of the old town is still the former market, which has been the name of a well-known Chelm social activist, Dr. Edward Łuczkowski, who has been known since the interwar period. In recent years, the market has been tidied up and lined with a stylish cube. Conducted during. The archaeological excavations allowed for the unveiling of the remains of the former Chełmski RATUSZ, which dates back to the 15th century. Destroyed by numerous fires, it was finally demolished in 1848. It was replaced by a complex of Jewish shops, commonly known as "CIRCLE", which existed until World War II. the remains of the town hall and the starosta located next to the house, it is worth paying attention to the reconstructed CITY TOWN and POMORNIK POMEGAZNA FOR THE HOMELAND, founded in 1930 and rebuilt after destruction in the 80s. , were re-placed after another renovation in 2002. An interesting monument is also originating from the beginning of the twentieth century. WOODEN KIOSK with newspapers, once owned by the Jewish merchant Majer Dobkowskiego. Along Lubelska street there is a nineteenth-century building, especially interesting in the western part In the old town, at the confluence of Lubelska and Podwalna streets, the city walls were once finished. During the exchange of surface in this part of the city, archaeologists have discovered the remains of the LUBELSKIE GATE, one of the gates of the old Chełm. Among the houses located by the Lublin tenement, a few are particularly interesting. At Lubelska 3 there is a building of the former CONSISTER OF THE PERSONAL from the late nineteenth century, currently used by the State Music School. Ignacy Jan Paderewski. It is undoubtedly also worth paying attention to the restored Lewinsztajn tenement house at ul. Lubelska 8, established in 1893 according to the design of district architect A. Sokołow. During the inter-war period, the popular Jewish Chess Club was located there. In the building at Lubelska 10, established in the second half of the nineteenth century, from 1899, there was a printing house and the composition of Majer Josef Bronfeld's stationery, in which in 1933-1939, in the years 1933-1939, the literary magazine Kamena, founded by of Chełm teachers, Kazimierz Andrzej Jaworski and Zenon Waśniewski. Another interesting tenement house is on the other side of the street at 27 Lubelska St. The building was owned by the Kupfer family and was built in 1890 according to the design of Julian Cieszkowski. In the interwar period, a number of shops and craft workshops were located here, numerous Jewish political organizations , including the Jewish Social Democratic Workers' Party Poale Syjon (Workers of Zion). In the basement of the tenement house there is one of the entrances to the Chełm dungeons, currently used by the restaurant "Gęsia" Szyja. "In the southern frontage of the current Łuczkowski Square, there is a picturesque series of single-storey tenements (Lubelska 37-53), built and rebuilt from the 17th to the 20th century. From other buildings at ul. Lubelska, it is worth to mention the building at 30 Lubelska St., established in 1910, probably according to the design of M. Adler with an annex added in the 1930s. In the interwar period there was a popular hotel "Wiktoria" by Berk Lewinsztajn. At 34 Lubelska Street, in the first half of the nineteenth century, one of the most famous Chełm pharmacies was located, initially owned by F. Filipowicz, and then a well-known social activist, Józef Papużyński. In the building, Józef Piłsudski, who hid in front of the Tsar police, was to stay in the house. The apartment house at 42 Lubelska Street was especially picturesque, it was established at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, in which the Central Hotel, owned by Kiva Wajnryba, was located in the interwar period. On the corner of Lubelska and Podwalna (Lubelska 57) there is a string of tenement houses.