WEBVTT

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Legislation is not static. It
changes over time as we get new

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governments which introduce new
laws or make changes to existing

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laws.

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Be aware if you're using
legislation.gov.uk, it doesn't

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always keep its Acts and
regulations up to date with

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changes, but it does usually
have a helpful banner towards

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the top that tells you if there
are any outstanding changes to

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legislation. Here we're looking
at the Theft Act and it says,

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"There are currently no known
outstanding effects," no

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outstanding changes that have
not yet been made to this

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particular Act.

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But what you can do is use the
notation on legislation.gov.uk

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or other systems to look at the
evolution of an Act, how it has

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changed over time. So let's go
and look at Section 7 of the

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Theft Act. Section 7 says that, 

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"A person is guilty of theft is convicted on indictment to
imprisonment for a term not

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exceeding [seven years]."

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So can you see the [seven years]
in brackets? What that tells us

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is that there has been a change
to this section and that

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previously it said a different period
that's now been replaced with

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seven years.

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And we've got our notation F1
and if I go and look at the

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commentary for F1, it tells me
that these words in section

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seven were substituted changed
by the Criminal Justice Act

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1991. And if I wanted to, I can
also go and look at the

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statutory instrument that
enabled the section of the

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Criminal Justice Act that made
this change.

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So this gives me a little bit of
an insight into the history of

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this act that used to say
something different in terms of

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what the term of imprisonment
used to be, and that it's currently seven years 

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as introduced by the Criminal Justice Act.

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Now, if we go and
look at Section 9, we've also

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got some changes here, but
they're slightly different.

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Let's have a look at Section 9,
subsection (2). And can you see

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here where we've got the F1,
we've got an ellipsis ... dot dot dot

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And what this means is that
something has been removed from

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this Act, it's been repealed. So
if we go and look at F1 in our

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notes, it tells us that these
words that have disappeared and

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replaced by this ellipsis were
repealed by the Sexual Offences

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Act 2003.

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Likewise, we've also got
subsections (3) and (4) that

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have had changes and we can see
the brackets and if we go to F2,

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we can see that they were
substituted, changed by the

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Criminal Justice Act 1991. So
this gives us an idea of how

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this Act has changed over time.
Now let's look at the table of

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contents and most of the
sections go in numerical order.

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So we've got Section 7, Section
8, Section 9.

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But occasionally we go from
Section 15, say here to Section

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15A, Section 15B, and then
Section 16. And when this act

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was originally enacted, we
wouldn't have had Section 15A

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or B, we'd have just gone from
15 to 16. But what's happened is

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that at some point a new section
has been added.

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And they wanted it to not just
go at the end, it needs to go in

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a particular place in this Act.
And so we've had a new offence

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of "Obtaining a money transfer by
deception" come in. So if we

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click on that, what we can see
actually is that this Section 15A

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came into force at some
point, but then later on it was

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repealed and this time it was
repealed by the Fraud Act 2006.

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So that's just a small
introduction as to how you can

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read legislation and all the
changes that have been made to

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it over the years.