WEBVTT

f2dfc1ae-8ae5-4c1f-919b-d58e235164e4-0
00:00:01.510 --> 00:00:05.300
Legislation is not static. It
changes over time as we get new

f2dfc1ae-8ae5-4c1f-919b-d58e235164e4-1
00:00:05.300 --> 00:00:09.274
governments which introduce new
laws or make changes to existing

f2dfc1ae-8ae5-4c1f-919b-d58e235164e4-2
00:00:09.274 --> 00:00:09.579
laws.

6a3e1b3a-fe9a-4582-9164-c4935d3785d3-0
00:00:10.520 --> 00:00:13.912
Be aware if you're using
legislation.gov.uk, it doesn't

6a3e1b3a-fe9a-4582-9164-c4935d3785d3-1
00:00:13.912 --> 00:00:17.123
always keep its acts and
regulations up to date with

6a3e1b3a-fe9a-4582-9164-c4935d3785d3-2
00:00:17.123 --> 00:00:20.697
changes, but it does usually
have a helpful banner towards

6a3e1b3a-fe9a-4582-9164-c4935d3785d3-3
00:00:20.697 --> 00:00:24.513
the top that tells you if there
are any outstanding changes to

6a3e1b3a-fe9a-4582-9164-c4935d3785d3-4
00:00:24.513 --> 00:00:28.209
legislation. Here we're looking
at the Theft Act and it says

6a3e1b3a-fe9a-4582-9164-c4935d3785d3-5
00:00:28.209 --> 00:00:31.298
there's currently no known
outstanding effects, no

6a3e1b3a-fe9a-4582-9164-c4935d3785d3-6
00:00:31.298 --> 00:00:34.691
outstanding changes that have
not yet been made to this

6a3e1b3a-fe9a-4582-9164-c4935d3785d3-7
00:00:34.691 --> 00:00:35.600
particular act.

34ed94bb-d8cf-4cf3-bfd8-5244759982ed-0
00:00:36.900 --> 00:00:41.761
But what you can do is use the
notation on legislation.gov.uk

34ed94bb-d8cf-4cf3-bfd8-5244759982ed-1
00:00:41.761 --> 00:00:46.780
or other systems to look at the
evolution of an act, how it has

34ed94bb-d8cf-4cf3-bfd8-5244759982ed-2
00:00:46.780 --> 00:00:51.485
changed over time. So let's go
and look at Section 7 of the

34ed94bb-d8cf-4cf3-bfd8-5244759982ed-3
00:00:51.485 --> 00:00:52.270
Theft Act.

33c212a6-4541-4184-a9a9-cb618d7d9b01-0
00:00:55.100 --> 00:00:59.748
Section 7 says that a person is
guilty of theft, is convicted on

33c212a6-4541-4184-a9a9-cb618d7d9b01-1
00:00:59.748 --> 00:01:04.325
indictment to imprisonment for a
term not exceeding 7 years. So

33c212a6-4541-4184-a9a9-cb618d7d9b01-2
00:01:04.325 --> 00:01:08.831
can you see the seven years in
brackets? What that tells us is

33c212a6-4541-4184-a9a9-cb618d7d9b01-3
00:01:08.831 --> 00:01:13.480
that there has been a change to
this section and that previously

33c212a6-4541-4184-a9a9-cb618d7d9b01-4
00:01:13.480 --> 00:01:18.057
it said a different. That's now
been replaced with seven years.

33c212a6-4541-4184-a9a9-cb618d7d9b01-5
00:01:18.057 --> 00:01:22.277
And we've got our notation F1.
And if I go and look at the

33c212a6-4541-4184-a9a9-cb618d7d9b01-6
00:01:22.277 --> 00:01:26.640
commentary for F1, it tells me
that these words and section.

f0bf01dc-e09b-4962-9251-2f4b97cc6f36-0
00:01:26.720 --> 00:01:30.385
Seven was substituted, changed
by the Criminal Justice Act

f0bf01dc-e09b-4962-9251-2f4b97cc6f36-1
00:01:30.385 --> 00:01:33.988
1991. And if I wanted to, I
could also go and look at the

f0bf01dc-e09b-4962-9251-2f4b97cc6f36-2
00:01:33.988 --> 00:01:37.281
statutory instrument that
enabled the section of the

f0bf01dc-e09b-4962-9251-2f4b97cc6f36-3
00:01:37.281 --> 00:01:41.195
Criminal Justice Act that made
this change. So this gives me a

f0bf01dc-e09b-4962-9251-2f4b97cc6f36-4
00:01:41.195 --> 00:01:44.861
little bit of an insight into
the history of this Act that

f0bf01dc-e09b-4962-9251-2f4b97cc6f36-5
00:01:44.861 --> 00:01:48.650
used to say something different
in terms of what the term of

f0bf01dc-e09b-4962-9251-2f4b97cc6f36-6
00:01:48.650 --> 00:01:52.564
imprisonment used to be and that
it's currently seven years as

f0bf01dc-e09b-4962-9251-2f4b97cc6f36-7
00:01:52.564 --> 00:01:55.050
introduced by the Criminal
Justice Act.

d9376c04-8a29-4060-8bc5-4a06091cfdc8-0
00:01:56.720 --> 00:02:00.866
Now if we go and look at section
9, we've also got some changes

d9376c04-8a29-4060-8bc5-4a06091cfdc8-1
00:02:00.866 --> 00:02:04.689
here, but they're slightly
different. Let's have a look at

d9376c04-8a29-4060-8bc5-4a06091cfdc8-2
00:02:04.689 --> 00:02:08.965
section 9, subsection 2, and can
you see here where we've got the

d9376c04-8a29-4060-8bc5-4a06091cfdc8-3
00:02:08.965 --> 00:02:12.787
F1, we've got an ellipsis an
.... , and what this means is

d9376c04-8a29-4060-8bc5-4a06091cfdc8-4
00:02:12.787 --> 00:02:16.480
that something has been removed
from this act, it's been

d9376c04-8a29-4060-8bc5-4a06091cfdc8-5
00:02:16.480 --> 00:02:20.562
repealed. So if we go and look
at F1 in our notes, it tells us

d9376c04-8a29-4060-8bc5-4a06091cfdc8-6
00:02:20.562 --> 00:02:24.125
that these words that have
disappeared and replaced by

d9376c04-8a29-4060-8bc5-4a06091cfdc8-7
00:02:24.125 --> 00:02:27.429
this... were repealed by the
sexual offences 2003.

2a6c4143-d3c8-435e-811b-fa8cdd3315d3-0
00:02:27.510 --> 00:02:29.070


13091053-3d00-4b10-81c2-cf099a1284f4-0
00:02:30.390 --> 00:02:34.490
Likewise, we've also got
subsections 3 and 4 that have

13091053-3d00-4b10-81c2-cf099a1284f4-1
00:02:34.490 --> 00:02:39.112
had changes and we can see the
brackets and if we go to F2 we

13091053-3d00-4b10-81c2-cf099a1284f4-2
00:02:39.112 --> 00:02:42.840
can see that they were
substituted changed by the

13091053-3d00-4b10-81c2-cf099a1284f4-3
00:02:42.840 --> 00:02:47.238
Criminal Justice Act 1991. So
this gives us an idea of how

13091053-3d00-4b10-81c2-cf099a1284f4-4
00:02:47.238 --> 00:02:49.550
this act has changed over time.

93b09f2c-0f92-471c-9228-662a56a6bf41-0
00:02:51.560 --> 00:02:55.109
Now let's look at the table of
contents and most of the

93b09f2c-0f92-471c-9228-662a56a6bf41-1
00:02:55.109 --> 00:02:59.166
sections go in numerical order,
so we've got Section 7, Section

93b09f2c-0f92-471c-9228-662a56a6bf41-2
00:02:59.166 --> 00:02:59.990
8, section 9.

b2ccce10-f53f-44ff-862c-5e6a70ba1b97-0
00:03:00.660 --> 00:03:04.795
But occasionally we go from
section 15, say here to section

b2ccce10-f53f-44ff-862c-5e6a70ba1b97-1
00:03:04.795 --> 00:03:08.793
15-A, section 15-B and then
section 16. And when this act

b2ccce10-f53f-44ff-862c-5e6a70ba1b97-2
00:03:08.793 --> 00:03:12.791
was originally enacted, we
wouldn't have had section 15-A

b2ccce10-f53f-44ff-862c-5e6a70ba1b97-3
00:03:12.791 --> 00:03:17.203
or B, we'd have just gone from
15 to 16. But what's happened is

b2ccce10-f53f-44ff-862c-5e6a70ba1b97-4
00:03:17.203 --> 00:03:21.614
that at some point a new section
has been added and they wanted

b2ccce10-f53f-44ff-862c-5e6a70ba1b97-5
00:03:21.614 --> 00:03:25.819
it to not just go at the end, it
needs to go in a particular

b2ccce10-f53f-44ff-862c-5e6a70ba1b97-6
00:03:25.819 --> 00:03:30.299
place in this act. And so we've
had a new offence of obtaining a

b2ccce10-f53f-44ff-862c-5e6a70ba1b97-7
00:03:30.299 --> 00:03:32.230
money transfer by deception.

83cae4c7-c469-472a-9d18-9216cc54c5ad-0
00:03:32.330 --> 00:03:34.090
Come in so if we click on that.

69806b81-530b-4265-aa2b-c7867d29330f-0
00:03:35.550 --> 00:03:40.225
What we can see actually is that
this section 15-A came into

69806b81-530b-4265-aa2b-c7867d29330f-1
00:03:40.225 --> 00:03:44.824
force at some point, but then
later on it was repealed, and

69806b81-530b-4265-aa2b-c7867d29330f-2
00:03:44.824 --> 00:03:48.580
this time it was repealed by the
Fraud Act 2006.

f9d03a1f-cb60-44d9-874f-ee58239bf44a-0
00:03:50.620 --> 00:03:54.502
So that's just a small
introduction as to how you can

f9d03a1f-cb60-44d9-874f-ee58239bf44a-1
00:03:54.502 --> 00:03:58.815
read legislation and all the
changes that have been made to

f9d03a1f-cb60-44d9-874f-ee58239bf44a-2
00:03:58.815 --> 00:04:00.110
it over the years.

3a0fb2fe-e513-4765-a32a-50071bf83da8-0
00:04:05.570 --> 00:04:06.280