WEBVTT

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There are two basic kinds of
research record, hard copy

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and digital.

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Hard copy records
should be bound

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with the pages consecutively
numbered, signed, and dated.

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White space should
be crossed through.

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Entries should be written
in ink, not pencil,

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to ensure they
cannot be changed.

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Additional materials, like
images, raw data printouts,

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spreadsheets, and graphics,
should be permanently pasted

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in, dated, and initialed.

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A note should be made of where
the original files are saved.

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Digital records can be
kept on any device that

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stores digital information,
such as PCs, tablets,

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USB drives, CDs,
or cloud storage,

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however, many institutions
now provide digital research

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notebooks or specify where
digital research records are

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to be stored.

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There may be restrictions
governing how, where,

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and for how long you
can store your data

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on different types of media.

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For example, many institutions
and ethics committees

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advise against using USB drives
or laptops for long-term data

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storage, as they
are easily lost.

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Given the vulnerability of
electronic devices to crashes,

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it is also important that
digital records are backed up

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in a safe and secure place,
separate from the main storage

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location.

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This could be on
another computer

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or on a cloud storage
backup service approved

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by your institution.

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Since digital records
can be easily changed,

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it is also essential to
independently verify the date

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when every element
in the digital record

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was created and last modified
if your research requires

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the collection of
field-based data,

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either via hardcopy
or digital methods,

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you will need to develop
a system for combining

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this data safely
and systematically

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with your permanent data record.

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Whether you are using a
hard copy or digital record,

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it is best practice to keep an
additional research log that

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documents what you
did, when you did it,

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and what you discovered.

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This should also record
colleagues' contributions.

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This can be especially
useful for combined records,

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as you can then use this
log to keep track of where

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each component is stored.

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You can then use the research
log to locate information.