{"ask-the-expert":{"title":"Ask the expert","acc":{"entries":"Select a question to ask the expert."}},"assessment-introduction":{"title":"Introduction","text1":{"paragraph1":"This test will give you a chance to check your understanding of what we’ve covered in this course, so you can feel confident that you’re up to speed with everything.","paragraph2":"During the test, you’ll need to answer a series of questions, each of which will have a number of marks, based on its difficulty. You won’t receive any detailed feedback on what you got right and wrong as you answer the questions, but you will be given a running score, so you can see how well you’re doing.","paragraph3":"At the end of the test you’ll be given an overall score – here’s what you’ll need to score in order to pass. If you don’t manage to pass the test, don’t worry: simply re-study the areas of the course you had difficulty with and then re-take the test to try and improve your score. When you're ready, select <strong>Continue</strong> to make a start. Good luck!","paragraph4":"At the end of the test you’ll be given an overall score. If this indicates that there are gaps in your understanding, you’ll able to re-study the areas of the course you had difficulty with and then re-take the test to try and improve your score. When you're ready, select <strong>Continue</strong> to make a start. Good luck!"},"pass-mark-label":{"text":"REQUIRED PASS MARK"}},"assessment-questions":{"title":"Question ${core.course.assessment.questionNumber} of ${core.course.assessment.questionCount}","assessment-element":{"assessment-score-indicator":{"question":"Score this question: ${currentQuestionMarks} / ${availableQuestionMarks}","assessment":"Score so far: ${currentAssessmentMarks} / ${availableAssessmentMarks}"}}},"assessment-summary":{"title":"Your score","text1":{"paragraph1":"Congratulations, you scored a perfect 100%, so obviously have an excellent understanding of the contents of this course. Well done!","paragraph2":"Well done, you passed the test! Your score indicates that you have a good understanding of the contents of this course. However, you didn’t answer all the questions correctly, so you may want to re-visit the parts of the course we’ve highlighted on the course menu to address any gaps in your understanding.","paragraph3":"Not bad, but your score falls a little short of a pass mark. The areas you had difficulty with are highlighted on the course menu. We’d recommend that you re-visit these areas and then re-take the test to try and improve your score. Remember, you need to pass the test in order to complete this course.","paragraph4":"Your score falls quite a way short of a pass mark. The areas you had difficulty with are highlighted on the course menu. We’d strongly recommend that you re-visit these areas and then re-take the test to try and improve your score. Remember, you need to pass the test in order to complete this course.","paragraph5":"Well done, your score indicates that you have a good understanding of the contents of this course. However, you didn’t answer all the questions correctly, so you may want to re-visit the parts of the course we’ve highlighted on the course menu to address any gaps in your understanding.","paragraph6":"You’ve now completed the test. Your score indicates that there are some gaps in your understanding of what we covered in the course. We’ve highlighted the relevant areas on the course menu. We’d recommend that you re-visit these areas and then re-take the test to try and improve your score.","paragraph7":"You’ve now completed the test. Your score indicates that there are several gaps in your understanding of what we covered in the course. We’ve highlighted the relevant areas on the course menu. We’d strongly recommend that you re-visit these areas and then re-take the test to try and improve your score.","paragraph8":"Select <strong>Home</strong> to return to the course menu, from where you’ll be able to download a personalised course completion certificate.","paragraph9":"Select <strong>Home</strong> to return to the course menu."},"recommended-label":{"text":"Recommended for re-study"}},"course-configuration":{"title":"Course Configuration","text1":{"paragraph1":"Before getting started, why not take a moment to configure the course to best meet your needs. Don’t worry, you can always change your selections later."},"settings-footer":{"text":"Select <b>Confirm</b> when you’ve finished."},"setting-description":{"audio-enabled":"The course makes extensive use of audio voiceover. If you’d rather read through the content, or are running over a slow connection, switch the audio off here.","video-subtitles":"Switch this option on if you’d like any video scenes in the course to be subtitled.","focus-outline":"If you’ll be using a keyboard to navigate through the course, we’d recommend switching the button outline on, so that you can keep track of what’s selected.","high-contrast":"The standard colour scheme is dark text on a light background, but switch on the inverse colour scheme for light text on a dark background."},"info-panel-text":{"text":"<strong>Course too small or too large on your display? To change its size:</strong>"},"info-panel-desktop-zoom-text":{"text":"<strong>On a desktop</strong> – adjust the size of the course window and the content will automatically scale up or down to fill the window. Maximising the window and entering full screen mode will make the content as large as possible."},"info-panel-mobile-zoom-text":{"text":"<strong>On a tablet</strong> – pinch in or out anywhere on the content area until the course is at your preferred size."}},"course-copyright":{"client-logo":{"accName":"Company logo."},"copyright":{"text":"${core.licence.licenceText}"},"course-logo":{"accName":"Course logo."},"cpd-logo":{"accName":"CPD certified."},"cylix-logo":{"accName":"Cylix Limited logo."},"rospa-text":{"text":"Depending on your work environment and job role, you may require additional hands-on training to carry out the practical aspects of your role safely."},"title":"Course copyright"},"course-introduction":{"title":"Introduction","text1":{"p1":"It won’t surprise you to learn that working at height can be dangerous. But just how dangerous is it? And, even more importantly, how can we make it safer?","p2":"In this course, we’ll consider what ‘working at height’ actually means. We’ll look at how to recognise the dangers, and we’ll explore how to avoid or reduce them as far as possible."}},"course-menu":{"title":"Course Menu","recommended":"Recommended for re-study.","duration":{"accName":" will take ${duration} to complete.","label":"${duration} minutes"},"progress-indicator":{"accName":"Section is ${element.status}","not-started":"not started.","started":"${element.progress}% ${core.manifest.course-menu.progress-indicator.completed}.","completed":"completed."},"client-logo":{"accName":"Company logo."},"options":{"accName":"Course sections.","certificate":{"label":"Course completion certificate"}},"instruction":{"text":"Select the section you’d like to study. We’d recommend initially studying the sections in the order they’re listed."},"first-entry-dialog":{"title":"Welcome"},"course-completed-dialog":{"title":"Course completed"}},"custom-policies":{"title":"Our Policies & Guidelines","accepted-label":{"text":"ACCEPTED"},"client-logo":{"accName":"Company logo."},"text1":{"paragraph1":"In order to ensure we meet our legal obligations and achieve the highest possible standards of good practice, we’ve developed our own policies and guidelines.","paragraph2":"It’s important you understand and follow these at all times, so please take the time to read through them carefully.","paragraph3":"It’s important you understand and follow these at all times. Please confirm you will do this by accepting the following statement."},"text2":{"paragraph1":"<i>“I hereby acknowledge that I have read, or shall read, understand and agree to follow the standards, processes and procedures set forth in the policies and guidelines that have been provided to me.”</i>"},"text3":{"paragraph1":"In the next section, you’ll be able to test your knowledge of what we’ve covered in this course. Select <strong>Home</strong> to return to the course menu.","paragraph2":"Select <strong>Home</strong> to return to the course menu."}},"demo-end":{"title":"End of section","text1":{"paragraph1":"You have now reached the end of this demonstration section. To find out more about the course, or to arrange a free, no-obligation demonstration, please contact Cylix.","paragraph2":"Telephone: <strong>${core.manifest.resources.entries.contact-1.phone}</strong>","paragraph3":"Email: <a data-id='contact-1' class='resources-email'>${core.manifest.resources.entries.contact-1.email}</a>","paragraph4":"Select <strong>Home</strong> to return to the course menu."}},"glossary":{"default-definition":"Please select a glossary entry to view its definition.","entries":{"accident":{"term":"accident","definition":"<p>A sudden unexpected event that causes damage, <a data-id='injury' class='glossary'>injury</a>, <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a>, or death.</p>"},"accident-book":{"term":"accident book","definition":"<p>Every organisation with more than 10 employees must record basic details about any <a data-id='accident' class='glossary'>accidents</a> that occur. Traditionally, this is done in an “accident book”, although the records can be on single sheets, or even held on computer.</p><p>Records of incidents reported under <a data-id='riddor' class='glossary'>RIDDOR</a> must be kept for at least 3 years.</p>"},"accident-triangle":{"term":"accident triangle","definition":"<p>Accident statistics form a triangle, with the fewest <a data-id='incident' class='glossary'>incidents</a>, at the top, being the most serious. The least serious incidents, at the bottom of the triangle, are the most numerous.</p><p>By reducing the number of less serious incidents, you can reduce the number of serious incidents too.</p>"},"aids":{"term":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)","definition":"<p>A <a data-id='severity' class='glossary'>severe</a> disease but with a low <a data-id='risk' class='glossary'>risk</a> of occupational <a data-id='infection' class='glossary'>infection</a>. It is actually a collection of <a data-id='symptom' class='glossary'>symptoms</a> and infections characterised by a breakdown of the body’s natural defences. It is caused by the <a data-id='human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)' class='glossary'>HIV</a> virus.</p>"},"adrenalin":{"term":"adrenalin","definition":"<p>A <a data-id='hormone' class='glossary'>hormone</a> released by the body in reaction to <a data-id='stress' class='glossary'>stress</a>. It prepares the body for “flight or fight”.</p>"},"aggression":{"term":"aggression","definition":"<p>Unfriendly and threatening behaviour that could lead to physical <a data-id='violence' class='glossary'>violence</a>.</p>"},"air-bag":{"term":"air bag","definition":"<p>An air cushion safety system designed to minimise the distance and consequences of a fall.</p>"},"ammonia":{"term":"ammonia","definition":"<p>A <a data-id='toxic' class='glossary'>toxic</a> chemical found in some household cleaners. If it’s mixed with <a data-id='bleach' class='glossary'>bleach</a>, deadly gasses are released.</p>"},"amosite":{"term":"amosite","definition":"<p>A form of asbestos also known as brown asbestos. Its harsh, spiky fibres have particularly good resistance to heat.</p>"},"anchored-body-harness":{"term":"anchored body harness","definition":"<p>A work harness used by an individual that is fixed to an anchor point and is designed to minimise the distance and consequences of a fall.</p>"},"anxiety":{"term":"anxiety","definition":"<p>A vague feeling of apprehension. Longstanding anxieties can give rise to <a data-id='stress' class='glossary'>stress</a>-related health problems.</p>"},"appointed-person":{"term":"appointed person","definition":"<p>A person in a low risk work environment who has been appointed to take control in the event of an accident. Unlike <a data-id='first-aider' class='glossary'>First Aiders</a>, Appointed Persons generally aren’t trained in providing initial care to victims of accidents.</p>"},"arson":{"term":"arson","definition":"<p>Deliberately and maliciously starting a fire to damage buildings or property. In Scotland, the legal term for this offence is <a data-id='wilful-fire-raising' class='glossary'>wilful fire-raising</a>.</p>"},"artex":{"term":"artex","definition":"<p>A surface coating used for interior decorating, in particular ceilings. Up to the mid 1980s, Artex was strengthened with white asbestos.</p>"},"asbestos":{"term":"asbestos","definition":"<p>A naturally occurring fibrous material that has been a popular building material since the 1950s. It was used as an insulator (to keep in heat and keep out cold), has good fire protection properties and protects against corrosion.</p>"},"asbestos-register":{"term":"asbestos register","definition":"<p>A register containing the location and condition of asbestos-containing materials in a building.</p>"},"asbestosis":{"term":"asbestosis","definition":"<p>A chronic, progressive inflammation of the lung caused by prolonged exposure to large quantities of asbestos.</p>"},"asphyxia":{"term":"asphyxia","definition":"<p>Any situation in which the supply of oxygen to your brain is cut off. Unconsciousness and death quickly follow.</p>"},"assembly-point":{"term":"assembly point","definition":"<p>A designated area of safety where people should gather in the event of an emergency, such as a fire.</p>"},"asthma":{"term":"asthma","definition":"<p>A condition of the lungs and airways that causes difficulty with breathing.</p>"},"bacteria":{"term":"bacteria","definition":"<p><a data-id='microscopic' class='glossary'>Microscopic</a> single-celled organisms present throughout the environment. Not all bacteria are harmful, but some cause <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a>.</p>"},"biological-hazard":{"term":"biological hazard","definition":"<p>Substances associated with living things (including <a data-id='microscopic' class='glossary'>microscopic</a> organisms) that pose a threat to <a data-id='health' class='glossary'>health</a>. This can include medical waste, <a data-id='virus' class='glossary'>viruses</a>, and <a data-id='bacteria' class='glossary'>bacteria</a>.</p>"},"bleach":{"term":"bleach","definition":"<p>A <a data-id='toxic' class='glossary'>toxic</a> chemical used as a powerful cleaning agent. If it’s mixed with <a data-id='ammonia' class='glossary'>ammonia</a>, deadly gasses are released.</p>"},"body-language":{"term":"body language","definition":"<p>The gestures, poses, movements, and expressions that a person uses to communicate.</p>"},"british-crime-survey":{"term":"british crime survey","definition":"<p>An annual survey carried out by the <a data-id='home-office' class='glossary'>Home Office</a> into the level of crime, public attitudes to crime, and other Home Office issues.</p>"},"bucket":{"term":"bucket","definition":"<p>The part of a mobile elevated work platform (<a data-id='mobile-elevating-work-platform' class='glossary'>MEWP</a>) that the worker stands in.</p>"},"bursitis":{"term":"bursitis","definition":"<p>Inflammation of the natural pads that lubricate our joints and make them work smoothly. Bursitis is often caused by repeated pressure on the joint.</p>"},"butane":{"term":"butane","definition":"<p>A highly flammable gas used for heating and cooking, typically supplied in pressurised cylinders. Butane is heavier than air, so it tends to sink towards the ground. It can flow for long distances along the ground, and can collect in drains, gullies and cellars.</p>"},"chrysotile":{"term":"chrysotile","definition":"<p>A form of asbestos also known as white asbestos. It can withstand the fiercest heat and is so soft and flexible it can be spun and woven easily.</p>"},"circulation":{"term":"circulation","definition":"<p>The movement of blood round the body. A good circulation is essential to <a data-id='health' class='glossary'>health</a>, and is helped by taking regular exercise.</p>"},"collective-measures":{"term":"collective measures","definition":"<p>Safety measures designed to protect a group of people rather than an individual.</p>"},"control-of-asbestos-regulations":{"term":"Control of Asbestos Regulations","definition":"<p><span data-filter='min'>The Regulations that control how asbestos must be managed and controlled.</span> The regulations include:</p><ul><li>The ‘duty to manage asbestos’ in non-domestic premises.</li><li>The requirement to provide mandatory training for anyone liable to be exposed to asbestos fibres at work.</li><li>The requirement for most asbestos work to be carried out by a licensed contractor.</li><li>The requirement for certain ‘effective controls’ to be put in place if non-licensed work is being carried out.</li></ul>"},"coshh":{"term":"Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH)","definition":"<p>The law that requires employers to control people’s exposure to <a data-id='hazardous-substance' class='glossary'>hazardous substances</a>.</p>"},"corrosive":{"term":"corrosive","definition":"<p>Causing destruction of another substance, including human tissue</p>"},"crocidolite":{"term":"crocidolite","definition":"<p>A form of asbestos also known as blue asbestos. It is the most lethal type of asbestos. The needle-like fibres are the strongest of all asbestos fibres and have a high resistance to acids.</p>"},"daisy-chain":{"term":"daisy chain","definition":"<p>Things connected together in a series, for example several power cord extension leads connected to make one long one.</p>"},"dangerous-occurrences":{"term":"dangerous occurrences","definition":"<p><span data-filter='min'>Certain categories of near miss must be reported as dangerous occurrences under RIDDOR.</span> Schedule 2 of RIDDOR contains a long list of reportable dangerous occurrences and these include:</p><ul><li>The collapse, overturning or failure of any load-bearing part of any lifting equipment, other than an accessory for lifting.</li><li>The failure of any closed vessel or of any associated pipework (other than a pipeline) forming part of a pressure system, where that failure could cause the death of any person.</li><li>Any plant or equipment unintentionally coming into contact with an uninsulated overhead electric line in which the voltage exceeds 200 volts, or close proximity with such an electric line, such that it causes an electrical discharge.</li><li>Any explosion or fire caused by an electrical short circuit or overload which either results in the stoppage of the plant involved for more than 24 hours or causes a significant risk of death.</li><li>Any accident or incident which results or could have resulted in the release or escape of a biological agent likely to cause severe human infection or illness.</li></ul>"},"dehydration":{"term":"dehydration","definition":"<p>A condition caused by the loss of too much water from the body.</p>"},"depression":{"term":"depression","definition":"<p>A long-term state of low mood, characterized by feelings of sadness, loneliness, despair, and low self-esteem.</p>"},"diarrhoea":{"term":"diarrhoea","definition":"<p>Frequent fluid bowel movements. A symptom of a <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a>.</p>"},"diarrhoeal-disease":{"term":"diarrhoeal disease","definition":"<p>A collective term for a range of <a data-id='infection' class='glossary'>infections</a> that cause <a data-id='diarrhoea' class='glossary'>diarrhoea</a> and sickness, with <a data-id='symptom' class='glossary'>symptoms</a> typically lasting no more than a few days.</p>"},"diffuse-pleural-thickening":{"term":"diffuse pleural thickening","definition":"<p>A disease which occurs when asbestos fibres that have been inhaled into the lungs work their way out to the pleura – a membrane which surrounds the lungs. This may cause fibrosis or scarring to develop.</p>"},"director":{"term":"director","definition":"<p>A person with joint responsibility for running an organisation.</p>"},"disease":{"term":"disease","definition":"<p>Any condition, other than a physical injury, that prevents your body from working as it should.</p>"},"drowning":{"term":"drowning","definition":"<p>Death by <a data-id='asphyxia' class='glossary'>asphyxiation</a>, caused by immersion in a liquid, such as water, or a free-flowing solid, such as grain.</p>"},"drug":{"term":"drug","definition":"<p>Any substance that can be used to modify a chemical process in the body, for example to treat an <a data-id='illness' class='glossary'>illness</a>, relieve a <a data-id='symptom' class='glossary'>symptom</a>, enhance performance, or to alter states of mind.</p>"},"electrocution":{"term":"electrocution","definition":"<p>Injury or death caused by electric shock.</p>"},"enforcing-authority":{"term":"enforcing authority","definition":"<p>The body responsible for enforcing Health and Safety legislation. This will either be the <a data-id='health-and-safety-executive' class='glossary'>Health and Safety Executive</a>, or the organisation’s <a data-id='local-authority' class='glossary'>Local Authority</a>, depending on the nature of the business.</p>"},"environmental-health-officer":{"term":"Environmental Health Officer","definition":"<p>An expert in <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a> that usually works for a <a data-id='local-authority' class='glossary'>local authority</a> and helps develop, co-ordinate, implement, and enforce health and safety legislation and policies.</p>"},"ergonomics":{"term":"ergonomics","definition":"<p>The process of designing a job and job-related equipment so that it is comfortable and healthy to use.</p>"},"eye-strain":{"term":"eye-strain","definition":"<p>A sensation of tired eyes, often accompanied by headaches and difficulty with focussing or seeing.</p>"},"fatality":{"term":"fatality","definition":"<p>A death resulting from an <a data-id='accident' class='glossary'>accident</a> or a disaster.</p>"},"fatigue":{"term":"fatigue","definition":"<p>A feeling of excessive tiredness, with a desire to rest.</p>"},"fire-action-sign":{"term":"fire action sign","definition":"<p>A sign that explains what to do in the event of a fire.</p>"},"fire-alarm":{"term":"fire alarm","definition":"<p>A special alarm used to alert people that they should immediately evacuate the building.</p>"},"fire-blanket":{"term":"fire blanket","definition":"<p>A blanket made of special fire-resistant cloth, designed to be placed over a fire to smother it.</p>"},"fire-door":{"term":"fire door","definition":"<p>Special doors designed to slow down the spread of fire and smoke through a building.</p>"},"fire-exit":{"term":"fire exit","definition":"<p>A door used to escape from a building in case of an emergency such as a fire. These are often designed only to be used in emergency, but can be normal doors too.</p>"},"fire-extinguisher":{"term":"fire extinguisher","definition":"<p>A device used to put out a fire, often in an emergency situation. They consist of a pressurised container of chemicals that when discharged can put out a fire.</p>"},"fire-warden":{"term":"Fire Warden/Marshal","definition":"<p>An employee with special responsibilities in the event of a fire. They help people out of the building and make sure, as far as possible, that everyone has got out safely.</p>"},"first-aid":{"term":"first aid","definition":"<p>Emergency care given to an injured person before a medical professional can get to them.</p>"},"first-aid-box":{"term":"first aid box","definition":"<p><span data-filter='min'>An easily accessible box stocked with <a data-id='first-aid' class='glossary'>first aid</a> equipment. The contents should be based on an assessment of first aid needs.</span> As a guide, the <a data-id='health-and-safety-executive' class='glossary'>HSE</a> recommends the following as a <strong>minimum</strong> provision for workplaces with no special risks:</p><ul><li>A leaflet giving general guidance on first aid.</li><li>20 individually wrapped sterile adhesive dressings (assorted sizes).</li><li>2 sterile eye pads.</li><li>4 individually wrapped triangular bandages (preferably sterile).</li><li>6 safety pins.</li><li>6 medium-sized (approximately 12 cm x 12 cm) individually wrapped sterile unmedicated wound dressings.</li><li>2 large (approximately 18 cm x 18 cm) sterile individually wrapped unmedicated wound dressings.</li><li>1 pair of disposable gloves.</li></ul><p>Note: first aid boxes should <strong>never</strong> contain tablets or medicines.</p>"},"first-aider":{"term":"first aider","definition":"<p>A person who has been trained in administering <a data-id='first-aid' class='glossary'>first aid</a>, and holds a current first aid certificate issued by a HSE-approved provider. All workplaces must have a First Aider or – in low risk environments – <a data-id='appointed-person' class='glossary'>Appointed Person</a> who can take control in the event of an accident.</p>"},"flammable":{"term":"flammable","definition":"<p>Easily set on fire.</p>"},"flu":{"term":"flu","definition":"<p>Short for “influenza”, a <a data-id='virus' class='glossary'>viral</a> infection of the body’s airways.</p>"},"fragile-surface":{"term":"fragile surface","definition":"<p>A surface, such as a roof, that is not strong enough to support a person's weight.</p>"},"fumes":{"term":"fumes","definition":"<p><a data-id='toxic' class='glossary'>Toxic</a> or <a data-id='corrosive' class='glossary'>corrosive</a> airborne chemicals.</p>"},"gauntlets":{"term":"gauntlets","definition":"<p>Large reinforced gloves, with attached sleeves.</p>"},"goggles":{"term":"goggles","definition":"<p><span data-filter='min'>Large, fitted glasses with side guards, used as a protection for the eyes.</span See <a data-id='safety-spectacles' class='glossary'>safety spectacles</a>.</p>"},"guard-rail":{"term":"guard rail","definition":"<p>A safety barrier system, fixed around the edges of a work platform, designed to prevent people or objects falling.</p>"},"hazard":{"term":"hazard","definition":"<p><span data-filter='min'>Anything that has the potential to cause harm.</span> See <a data-id='risk-assessment' class='glossary'>risk assessment</a>.</p>"},"hazardous-substance":{"term":"hazardous substance","definition":"<p>Any material that poses a threat to human health or the environment. Hazardous substances are usually <a data-id='toxic' class='glossary'>toxic</a>, <a data-id='corrosive' class='glossary'>corrosive</a>, <a data-id='flammable' class='glossary'>flammable</a>, or explosive.</p>"},"health":{"term":"health","definition":"<p>A person’s condition. Good health is marked by general fitness and the absence of any mental or physical illness or injury.</p>"},"health-and-safety":{"term":"health and safety","definition":"<p>A general term for all the activities aimed at preserving and protecting human <a data-id='health' class='glossary'>health</a> in the workplace.</p>"},"health-and-safety-at-work-act":{"term":"Health and Safety at Work Act","definition":"<p>The cornerstone of <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a> legislation, introduced in 1974.</p>"},"health-and-safety-committee":{"term":"health and safety committee","definition":"<p>A group which regularly meets to discuss <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a> issues within an organisation.</p>"},"health-and-safety-dse":{"term":"Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations","definition":"<p>Regulations introduced in 1992, that cover the use of computers at work.</p>"},"health-and-safety-executive":{"term":"Health and Safety Executive (HSE)","definition":"<p>The British government body responsible for the regulation of risks to <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a> in the UK. It was created as a result of the <a data-id='health-and-safety-at-work-act' class='glossary'>Health and Safety at Work Act</a>.</p>"},"health-and-safety-officer":{"term":"Health and Safety Officer","definition":"<p>A <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a> expert employed by an organisation to provide them with advice and guidance on all matters relating to health and safety.</p>"},"health-and-safety-policy":{"term":"Health and Safety Policy","definition":"<p>An official statement setting out how an organisation manages <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a>. It influences all activities, including the selection of people, equipment and materials, the way work is done, and how goods and services are designed.</p>"},"health-and-safety-representative":{"term":"Health and Safety Representative","definition":"<p>A person elected by employees (or appointed by a trade union) to represent employees on <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a> issues, investigate complaints, inspect the workplace, and assess <a data-id='risk' class='glossary'>risks</a>.</p>"},"heat-stress":{"term":"heat stress","definition":"<p>A condition that occurs when the body’s means of controlling its internal temperature starts to fail. It can be caused by high air temperature, but factors such as work rate, humidity and clothing all play a part. <a data-id='symptom' class='glossary'>Symptoms</a> can include muscle cramps, <a data-id='fatigue' class='glossary'>fatigue</a>, giddiness and <a data-id='nausea' class='glossary'>nausea</a>.</p>"},"hepatitis":{"term":"hepatitis","definition":"<p>An inflammation of the liver, generally caused by a viral infection. It can be a serious condition that can lead to liver failure.</p>"},"hiv":{"term":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)","definition":"<p>The <a data-id='virus' class='glossary'>virus</a> that causes <a data-id='aids' class='glossary'>AIDS</a>.</p>"},"home-office":{"term":"Home Office","definition":"<p>The government department responsible for internal affairs, such as law and order.</p>"},"hormone":{"term":"hormone","definition":"<p>A chemical, like <a data-id='adrenalin' class='glossary'>adrenalin</a>, that is released into the bloodstream to produce an effect on the body.</p>"},"hse-inspector":{"term":"HSE Inspector","definition":"<p>An expert in <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a> that works for the <a data-id='health-and-safety-executive' class='glossary'>Health and Safety Executive</a>. They inspect industrial places of work and local authorities to enforce health and safety legislation and policies.</p>"},"human-resources":{"term":"Human Resources (HR)","definition":"<p>A department in an organisation that is responsible for personnel issues, including hiring, skills development, and compliance with associated government regulations.</p>"},"hyperventilation":{"term":"hyperventilation","definition":"<p>Abnormally rapid breathing which can lead to dizziness.</p>"},"hypothermia":{"term":"hypothermia","definition":"<p>A life-threatening condition in which the body’s warming mechanisms fail to maintain normal body temperature and the entire body cools.</p>"},"ill-health":{"term":"ill-health","definition":"<p>A poor state of health, due to illness, injury, or another cause.</p>"},"illness":{"term":"illness","definition":"<p>A mental or physical <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a> or infirmity leading to <a data-id='ill-health' class='glossary'>ill-health</a>.</p>"},"incident":{"term":"incident","definition":"<p>In the context of <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a>, any occurrence, including <a data-id='near-miss' class='glossary'>near miss</a> situations, which has the potential to cause personal <a data-id='injury' class='glossary'>injury</a>, death, <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a>, or property damage.</p>"},"incident-contact-centre":{"term":"Incident Contact Centre","definition":"<p>A national organisation set up in 2001 to act as a single point of contact for reporting health and safety incidents in the UK. All RIDDOR-reportable accidents, diseases and <a data-id='dangerous-occurrences' class='glossary'>dangerous occurrences</a> must be reported to the Incident Contact Centre.</p>"},"infection":{"term":"infection","definition":"<p>An <a data-id='incident' class='glossary'>incident</a> in which an infectious <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a> is transmitted to a person.</p>"},"injury":{"term":"injury","definition":"<p>Damage to the structure or function of the body caused by an outside agent or force, which may be physical, chemical or biological.</p>"},"intuition":{"term":"intuition","definition":"<p>Knowing something without the conscious use of reasoning. A common example is the way people can read and interpret <a data-id='body-language' class='glossary'>body language</a>.</p>"},"jaundice":{"term":"jaundice","definition":"<p>A yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes, associated with liver <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a>.</p>"},"lagging":{"term":"lagging","definition":"<p>Insulation used to prevent heat diffusion, commonly used for pipes, boilers and lofts. Old lagging material can contain up to 100% asbestos fibre making it a high hazard asbestos product.</p>"},"legionella-bacteria":{"term":"Legionella bacteria","definition":"<p>The <a data-id='bacteria' class='glossary'>bacteria</a> that causes <a data-id='legionnaires-disease' class='glossary'>Legionnaires’ disease</a>.</p>"},"legionnaires-disease":{"term":"Legionnaires’ disease","definition":"<p>A rare form of pneumonia caused by inhaling the mist from water sources infected by <a data-id='legionella-bacteria' class='glossary'>Legionella bacteria</a>.</p>"},"leptospirosis":{"term":"Leptospirosis","definition":"<p>A <a data-id='bacteria' class='glossary'>bacterial</a> disease usually causing <a data-id='flu' class='glossary'>flu</a>-like symptoms and general aches and pains. The severe form is called <a data-id='weils-disease' class='glossary'>Weil’s disease</a>.</p>"},"likelihood":{"term":"likelihood","definition":"<p>A measure of the probability of a <a data-id='hazard' class='glossary'>hazard</a> actually inflicting harm. Likelihood and <a data-id='severity' class='glossary'>severity</a> together define the overall level of <a data-id='risk' class='glossary'>risk</a> posed by a particular hazard.</p>"},"line-manager":{"term":"line manager","definition":"<p>A member of staff who occupies a managerial position within the organisational structure.</p>"},"local-authority":{"term":"local authority","definition":"<p>An administrative unit of government, responsible for a particular region.</p>"},"local-exhaust-ventilation":{"term":"local exhaust ventilation","definition":"<p>A hood or fan that captures and removes fumes at the point they are being produced, before they escape into the air.</p>"},"lower-digestive-tract":{"term":"lower digestive tract","definition":"<p>Also known as the lower gastrointestinal tract, it comprises the small intestine, large intestine and anus.</p>"},"lung-cancer":{"term":"lung cancer","definition":"<p>A cancerous lump or tumour in the lungs caused primarily by tobacco smoke, but can also be caused by breathing in significant amounts of asbestos fibres.</p>"},"management-of-hs-at-work-regulations":{"term":"Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations","definition":"<p>Regulations introduced in 1999 that define what employers are required to do to manage <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a> under the <a data-id='health-and-safety-at-work-act' class='glossary'>Health and Safety at Work Act</a>.</p>"},"mask":{"term":"mask","definition":"<p>An item of <a data-id='personal-protective-equipment' class='glossary'>personal protective equipment</a> designed to protect the face and airways from <a data-id='fumes' class='glossary'>fumes</a> and other airborne <a data-id='hazard' class='glossary'>hazards</a>. There are many different types of mask, and it’s essential to select the correct one according to the hazard.</p>"},"medication":{"term":"medication","definition":"<p>A <a data-id='drug' class='glossary'>drug</a> used to treat, prevent, or relieve the <a data-id='symptom' class='glossary'>symptoms</a> of a <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a>, illness or <a data-id='infection' class='glossary'>infection</a>.</p>"},"mesothelioma":{"term":"Mesothelioma","definition":"<p>A form of cancer that is almost always caused by exposure to asbestos. It mainly affects the linings surrounding the lungs and the <a data-id='lower-digestive-tract' class='glossary'>lower digestive tract</a>. The disease can take around 20 to 40 years to develop.</p>"},"microbiological-organism":{"term":"microbiological organism","definition":"<p>A <a data-id='virus' class='glossary'>virus</a>, <a data-id='bacteria' class='glossary'>bacterium</a>, or other <a data-id='microscopic' class='glossary'>microscopic</a> living thing.</p>"},"microscopic":{"term":"microscopic","definition":"<p>Too small to be seen with the naked eye.</p>"},"mobile-elevating-work-platform":{"term":"Mobile elevating work platform (MEWP)","definition":"<p>A type of elevated work platform that can be moved along the ground whilst extended. May also be known as a lift platform or cherry picker.</p>"},"movement-book":{"term":"movement book","definition":"<p>A shared diary used to record where people will be on certain days and times.</p>"},"nausea":{"term":"nausea","definition":"<p>A feeling of sickness or discomfort in the stomach.</p>"},"near-miss":{"term":"near miss","definition":"<p>An event or situation that could have resulted in an <a data-id='accident' class='glossary'>accident</a>, <a data-id='injury' class='glossary'>injury</a> or <a data-id='illness' class='glossary'>illness</a>, but did not.</p>"},"non-toxic-gas":{"term":"non-toxic gas","definition":"<p>A gas which is not harmful in itself. However, it may cause <a data-id='asphyxia' class='glossary'>asphyxia</a> if it displaces the air people are breathing.</p>"},"personal-alarm":{"term":"personal alarm","definition":"<p>A small hand-held alarm that emits a loud shriek or siren, disorientating an attacker, and possibly attracting help.</p>"},"personal-measures":{"term":"personal measures","definition":"<p>Safety measures designed to protect an individual rather than a group of people.</p>"},"personal-protective-equipment":{"term":"Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)","definition":"<p>Safety devices, such as <a data-id='goggles' class='glossary'>goggles</a>, <a data-id='mask' class='glossary'>masks</a>, and boots, worn by workers to protect against hazards.</p>"},"personal-protective-equipment-regulations":{"term":"Personal Protective Equipment Regulations","definition":"<p>Regulations introduced in 1992 that require employers to provide <a data-id='personal-protective-equipment' class='glossary'>personal protective equipment</a> wherever there are <a data-id='risk' class='glossary'>risks</a> to <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a> that cannot be adequately controlled in other ways.</p>"},"pesticide":{"term":"pesticide","definition":"<p>Any chemical or biological agent that kills plant or animal pests. Pesticides are very likely to be <a data-id='toxic' class='glossary'>toxic</a> to humans.</p>"},"platform-trolley":{"term":"platform trolley","definition":"<p>A large flat board with wheels, designed to carry heavy objects.</p>"},"pneumonia":{"term":"pneumonia","definition":"<p>An infection in the lungs.</p>"},"poison":{"term":"poison","definition":"<p>Any <a data-id='toxic' class='glossary'>toxic</a> substance.</p>"},"posture":{"term":"posture","definition":"<p>The way someone sits or stands. The position of different parts of a person’s body relative to one another.</p>"},"primary-fires":{"term":"primary fires","definition":"<span data-filter='min'><p>Primary fires are particularly serious fires that harm people or cause damage to property. To be classed as a primary fire, a fire must meet at least one of the following conditions:</p><ul><li>Occur in a non-derelict building, vehicle or outdoor structure</li><li>Result in fatalities, casualties or rescues</li><li>Involve five or more pumping appliances</li></ul></span><p>See also: <a data-id='secondary-fires' class='glossary'>secondary fires</a></p>"},"rash":{"term":"rash","definition":"<p>Marks on the skin caused by an <a data-id='illness' class='glossary'>illness</a>, <a data-id='corrosive' class='glossary'>corrosive</a> substance, allergy, or other cause.</p>"},"reasonable-force":{"term":"reasonable force","definition":"<p>The amount of force that it is acceptable to use when defending yourself from an attacker.</p>"},"reasonably-practicable":{"term":"reasonably practicable","definition":"<p>Organisations have a legal duty to define processes and procedures for undertaking work that are “so far as is reasonably practicable, safe and without risks to health”.</p><p>Determining what’s “reasonably practicable” involves assessing the risk to be avoided, the sacrifice (in money, time and trouble) involved in taking measures to avoid that risk, and comparing the two.</p>"},"regulation-on-clp":{"term":"Regulation on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP)","definition":"<p>The law that enforces the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals directive (GHS) across the European Union. It requires suppliers of chemicals to provide information about the dangers of their products, and to package them safely.</p>"},"reinforced-footwear":{"term":"reinforced footwear","definition":"<p>Shoes or boots designed to protect the feet from <a data-id='hazard' class='glossary'>hazards</a>.</p>"},"riddor":{"term":"Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR)","definition":"<p>Regulations that require employers to report some work-related <a data-id='accident' class='glossary'>accidents</a>, <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>diseases</a> and <a data-id='dangerous-occurrences' class='glossary'>dangerous occurrences</a>.</p>"},"risk":{"term":"risk","definition":"<p><span data-filter='min'>An overall measure of the <a data-id='likelihood' class='glossary'>likelihood</a> of a particular <a data-id='hazard' class='glossary'>hazard</a> actually causing harm and the <a data-id='severity' class='glossary'>severity</a> of harm that would be inflicted.</span> See <a data-id='risk-assessment' class='glossary'>risk assessment</a>.</p>"},"risk-assessment":{"term":"risk assessment","definition":"<p>The process by which <a data-id='hazard' class='glossary'>hazards</a> in the workplace are identified, along with their level of <a data-id='risk' class='glossary'>risk</a>. As a result, <a data-id='safe-system-of-work' class='glossary'>safe systems of work</a> can be put in place in order to avoid the hazard completely or reduce the risk.</p>"},"roof-light":{"term":"roof light","definition":"<p>A window set into a roof.</p>"},"sack-truck":{"term":"sack truck","definition":"<p>A two-wheeled trolley that makes it easy to carry heavy loads.</p>"},"safe-system-of-work":{"term":"safe system of work","definition":"<p>The way in which a job must be carried out, in order to minimise the <a data-id='health-and-safety' class='glossary'>health and safety</a>&nbsp;<a data-id='risk' class='glossary'>risks</a>. Also called an “SSW”.</p>"},"safety-data-sheet":{"term":"safety data sheet","definition":"<p>A sheet of information that must be provided by the supplier of a commercial chemical. It provides information on the nature of any <a data-id='hazard' class='glossary'>hazard</a>, and describes how to handle, store, and dispose of the substance safely. It also describes what to do in the event of an emergency, such as a spillage.</p>"},"safety-net":{"term":"safety net","definition":"<p>A safety measure fitted beneath work areas, such as fragile roofs, roof edges and work platforms, designed to minimise the distance and consequences of a fall.</p>"},"safety-spectacles":{"term":"safety spectacles","definition":"<p><span data-filter='min'>Large, clear glasses offering limited protection for the eyes.</span> See <a data-id='goggles' class='glossary'>goggles</a>.</p>"},"secondary-fires":{"term":"secondary fires","definition":"<p>Secondary fires are generally small outdoor fires, not involving people or property. They include refuse fires, grassland fires and fires in derelict buildings or vehicles, unless these result in casualties or rescues, or involve five or more pumping appliances, in which case they’re classed as <a data-id='primary-fires' class='glossary'>primary fires</a>.</p>"},"self-defence":{"term":"self-defence","definition":"<p>Actions taken by a person to disable an attacker long enough to escape from them.</p>"},"severity":{"term":"severity","definition":"<p><span data-filter='min'>The level of harm that is likely to be inflicted by a particular <a data-id='hazard' class='glossary'>hazard</a>. Severity and <a data-id='likelihood' class='glossary'>likelihood</a> together define the overall level of <a data-id='risk' class='glossary'>risk</a> posed by a particular hazard.</span> See <a data-id='risk-assessment' class='glossary'>risk assessment</a>.</p>"},"skin-cancer":{"term":"skin cancer","definition":"<p>A potentially deadly <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a> of the skin.</p>"},"specified-injuries":{"term":"specified injuries","definition":"<span data-filter='min'><p>Types of non-fatal injuries to workers that are specified – and must be reported – under <a data-id='riddor' class='glossary'>RIDDOR</a>. They include:</p><ul><li>Fractures, other than to fingers, thumbs and toes.</li><li>Amputations.</li><li>Any injury likely to lead to permanent loss of sight or reduction in sight.</li><li>Any crush injury to the head or torso causing damage to the brain or internal organs.</li></ul></span><ul><li>Serious burns (including scalding) which covers more than 10% of the body or causes significant damage to the eyes, respiratory system or other vital organs.<li>Any scalding requiring hospital treatment.</li><li>Any loss of consciousness caused by head injury or asphyxia.</li><li>Any other injury arising from working in an enclosed space which leads to hypothermia or heat-induced illness or requires resuscitation or admittance to hospital for more than 24 hours.</ul>"},"stress":{"term":"stress","definition":"<p>The adverse reaction people have to excessive work pressures, or other types of demands placed on them.</p>"},"stroke":{"term":"stroke","definition":"<p>Damage to a part of the brain when its blood supply is suddenly reduced or stopped.</p>"},"symptom":{"term":"symptom","definition":"<p>A sign of <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a>.</p>"},"tendonitis":{"term":"tendonitis","definition":"<p>An inflammation of a tendon (the tissue which connects a muscle to a bone).</p>"},"the-working-at-height-regulations-2005":{"term":"The Working at Height Regulations 2005","definition":"<p>Regulations which apply to all work at height where there is a risk of a fall liable to cause personal injury.</p>"},"toe-board":{"term":"toe board","definition":"<p>A board fitted at the edges of a work platform to prevent objects or people from falling.</p>"},"toxic":{"term":"toxic","definition":"<p>Harmful or deadly to living things.</p>"},"trade-union":{"term":"trade union","definition":"<p>An organisation of people employed in a particular type of work, formed to protect and promote their common interests.</p>"},"tuberculosis":{"term":"tuberculosis","definition":"<p>A <a data-id='bacteria' class='glossary'>bacterial</a>&nbsp;<a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>disease</a> that usually attacks the lungs.</p>"},"upper-limb-disorder":{"term":"upper limb disorder","definition":"<p>A general term that refers to pain in the arms, hands, neck or shoulders. The pain results from repetitive activities or activities that require controlled <a data-id='posture' class='glossary'>posture</a>.</p>"},"violence":{"term":"violence","definition":"<p>Threatening and aggressive behaviour, or a physical assault, directed at another person.</p>"},"virus":{"term":"virus","definition":"<p>Tiny organisms that can infect living things and cause <a data-id='disease' class='glossary'>diseases</a>.</p>"},"weils-disease":{"term":"Weil’s disease","definition":"<p>A severe form of <a data-id='leptospirosis' class='glossary'>Leptospirosis</a>, causing <a data-id='jaundice' class='glossary'>jaundice</a> and liver damage.</p>"},"wilful-fire-raising":{"term":"wilful fire-raising","definition":"<p>The Scottish legal term for the offence of deliberately and maliciously starting a fire to damage buildings or property. In England and Wales, the legal term used is <a data-id='arson' class='glossary'>arson</a>.</p>"},"winching-equipment":{"term":"winching equipment","definition":"<p>A winch is a mechanical device used to wind up or let out the tension of a rope or cable.</p>"},"work-restraint-harness":{"term":"work restraint harness","definition":"<p>A work harness used by an individual that prevents the possibility of a fall occurring.</p>"}},"title":"Glossary"},"player":{"acc":{"recommended":"Recommended for re-study.","tabs":"Tab ${tabNum} of ${tabCount}.","titles":{"course":"${core.course.title} course content.","section":"Section: ${titles.section}. ${core.manifest.player.acc.titles.page}","page":"${titles.page} page content."},"toolkit-menu":"Toolkit.","message-box":{"error":"Error.","information":"Information.","question":"Question.","warning":"Warning."},"links":{"glossary":"Glossary term."},"time":{"seconds1":"${s} second.","seconds2":"${s} seconds.","minutes1":"${m} minute ${seconds}","minutes2":"${m} minutes ${seconds}","hours1":"${h} hour ${minutes}","hours2":"${h} hours ${minutes}"}},"button":{"label":{"accept":"Accept","ask-the-expert":"Ask the expert","audio-enabled":"Audio","bookmark-page":"Bookmark page","cancel":"Cancel","clear":"Clear","close":"Close","confirm":"Confirm","continue":"Continue","continue-next-page":"Continue","continue-next-section":"Continue","course-menu":"Menu","course-summary":"Course summary","dont-know":"Don't know","exit":"Exit","false":"False","focus-outline":"Button outline","glossary":"Glossary","help":"Help","high-contrast":"Inverse colour scheme","hint":"Hint","home-page":"Home","more":"More...","next-page":"Next page","next-section":"Next section","next-tab":"Next tab","no":"No","ok":"OK","pause":"Pause","play":"Play","previous-page":"Previous page","previous-tab":"Previous tab","print":"Print","replay-page":"Replay page","reset":"Reset","resources":"Resources","retry":"Retry","search":"Search","settings":"Settings","show-all-questions":"Show all questions","skip":"Skip","start-course":"Start course","stop":"Stop","submit":"Submit","subtitles-off":"Turn subtitles off","subtitles-on":"Turn subtitles on","toolkit":"Toolkit","true":"True","unsure":"Unsure","video-subtitles":"Subtitles","yes":"Yes"}},"licence":{"licence1":"${core.manifest.player.licence.copyright} ${core.manifest.player.licence.licensed-to}","licence2":"${core.manifest.player.licence.licence1} ${core.manifest.player.licence.until-date}","copyright":"&copy; Cylix Limited","licensed-to":"<br/>Licensed to ${core.licence.customerName}","until-date":"until ${core.licence.expiryDate}"},"marking-symbol":{"correct":"Correct.","incorrect":"Incorrect."},"message-box":{"certificate-error":{"text":"Unable to generate the course completion certificate. Please contact your administrator.","title":"Course completion certificate"},"completed":{"text-certificate":"${manifest.player.message-box.completed.not-available}<br/><br/>Select the <strong>Print</strong> button to print your course completion certificate, or <strong>Exit</strong> to leave the course.","text-no-certificate":"${manifest.player.message-box.completed.not-available}<br/><br/>Select <strong>Exit</strong> to leave the course.","not-available":"The course has now been completed and is not available for re-study.","title":"Course complete"},"customisation-error":{"text":"Unable to retrieve customised content. Please contact your administrator.","title":"Course customisation"},"error":{"text":"The course encountered a problem. Please contact your administrator.","title":"Oops!"},"exit":{"text":"Are you sure you want to exit?","title":"Exit?"},"licence-error":{"text":"The course licence failed to validate. Please contact your administrator.","title":"Licence validation"},"lms-communication-error":{"text":"There was a problem communicating with your learning management system. Please close the course and try again later.","title":"LMS communication"},"resume":{"text":"Would you like to resume from where you left off?","title":"Resume"},"session-ended":{"text":"Your course session has ended. You may now close this tab or window.","text-lms":"Your course session has ended. You may now leave using your Learning Management System.","title":"Session ended"},"student-name":{"text":"Please enter your name to appear on the course completion certificate.","title":"Student name"}},"question":{"header":{"available-mark":"mark","available-marks":"marks"},"option":{"choice-label-selected":"Selected","choice-label-yes":"Yes","choice-label-no":"No","choice-label-true":"True","choice-label-false":"False","choice-label-agree":"Agree","choice-label-disagree":"Disagree"}},"radial-progress-indicator":{"accName":"${progressPercent}% completed."},"search-bar":{"clear-search":"Clear search.","placeholder-text":"Please enter a keyword..."},"video-player":{"accName":"Media player."}},"quick-start-guide":{"title":"Quick Start Guide","text1":{"paragraph1":"The course is very easy to use. To move through it, you simply select the <b>Continue</b> button in the bottom right of the page. Alternatively, you can press the <b>c</b> key as a shortcut. Select the <b>Continue</b> button, or press the <b>c</b> key now to move on.","paragraph2":"In the top toolbar, you’ll find a number of useful buttons that will help you use and get the most out of the course. Here’s a summary of what each of them do. Select <b>Continue</b> when you’re ready to move on.","paragraph3":"<b>Home</b>:<br/>Return to the course menu.","paragraph4":"<b>Previous page</b>:<br/>Jump back to previous page.","paragraph5":"<b>Replay page</b>:<br/>Replay the current page from the start.","paragraph6":"<b>Next page</b>:<br/>Jump forward to the next page.","paragraph7":"<b>Toolkit</b>:<br/>Access further resources and settings.","paragraph8":"<b>Exit</b>:<br/>Save progress data and exit the course.","paragraph9":"The <b>Toolkit</b> button allows you to access a range of course resources and settings, including:","paragraph10":"An Ask the Expert resource where you can find out more about key topics covered in the course.","paragraph11":"A glossary providing definitions of any specialist terms used.","paragraph12":"Other resources, such as links to useful websites.","paragraph13":"You don’t have to study the course in one sitting. Feel free to dip in and out when it suits you – your progress will be saved, so you’ll always be able to pick up where you last left off.","paragraph14":"Right, those are the basics, but if you want to find out more about using the course, select the <b>Help</b> button to access a full help guide."}},"resources":{"entries":{"custom1":{"group":true,"name":"Other resources","resources":["custom1-\\d+"]},"leg-1":{"name":"HSE – Health & Safety legislation","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse201"},"leg-2":{"name":"HSE guide to Health & Safety at Work Act 1974","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse202"},"leg-3":{"name":"HSE guide to working with display screen equipment (DSE)","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse203"},"leg-4":{"name":"HSE Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR)","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse204"},"leg-5":{"name":"HSE guide to working with substances hazardous to health and COSHH","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse205"},"leg-6":{"name":"HSE guide to work breaks","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse206"},"legislation":{"group":true,"name":"Legislation","resources":["leg-\\d+"]},"org-1":{"name":"Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS)","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse101"},"org-10":{"name":"Suzy Lamplugh Trust","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse110"},"org-11":{"name":"Trading Standards Institute (TSI)","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse111"},"org-2":{"name":"British Safety Council","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse102"},"org-3":{"name":"British Standards Institution (BSI)","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse103"},"org-4":{"name":"Electrical Safety Council","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse104"},"org-5":{"name":"Institute of Ergonomics & Human Factors","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse105"},"org-6":{"name":"Health & Safety Executive (HSE)","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse106"},"org-7":{"name":"Institution of Occupational Safety and Health","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse107"},"org-8":{"name":"Royal Society for Public Health","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse108"},"org-9":{"name":"Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA)","url":"https://redirect.elumos.net/redirect_hse.php?id=hse109"},"organisations":{"group":true,"name":"Organisations","resources":["org-\\d+"]},"policies":{"group":true,"name":"Our policies, procedures &amp; guidelines","resources":["policy-\\d+"]},"web-links":{"name":"Web links","resources":["policies","custom1","web-links-1","organisations","legislation"],"root":true},"web-links-1":{"group":true,"name":"External sources of further information and advice","resources":["custom2-\\d+","web-link1-\\d+","web-link-1-\\d+","\\w+-web-link-1-\\d+"]}},"title":"Resources"},"wah":{"title":"Working at Height","title2":"Working at Height"},"wah-01":{"title":"The low-down on working at height","description":"Learn what “working at height” means and what the law says."},"wah-01-010-010":{"title":"Death from on high","question":{"question":"It’s all very well saying that working at height is dangerous, but just how dangerous do you think it is?","instruction":"Choose which of the following statements you agree with, then select <strong>Confirm</strong> to see how you did.","option1":"Falls from height account for only around 3% of accidents at work.","option2":"Falls from height are the single biggest cause of deaths at work.","option3":"Falls from height are one of the main causes of major injury at work."},"feedback-text":{"p1":"Yes, that’s right. While falls from height account for only around 3% of accidents at work, these result in more deaths than any other type of accident. They’re also one of the main causes of major injury.","p2":"Actually, all of these statements are true. While falls from height account for only around 3% of accidents at work, these result in more deaths than any other type of accident. They’re also one of the main causes of major injury."},"final-text":{"p1":"What all of this underlines is just how dangerous working at height is, and how important it is for everyone to ensure that all work at height is planned, managed and safe. That’s what this course is all about."}},"wah-01-010-020":{"title":"What is ‘working at height’?","question-header":{"text":"So, what exactly do we mean by ‘working at height’? Take a look at the activities being carried out here. Which ones do you think are classed as ‘working at height’?"},"question-footer":{"text":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>."},"feedback-text":{"p1":"Yes, well done. Working at height simply means working next to some kind of drop, where you could fall and injure yourself.","p2":"That’s not far off. Working at height actually means working next to some kind of drop, where you could fall and injure yourself.","p3":"Not really. Working at height actually means working next to some kind of drop, where you could fall and injure yourself."},"final-text":{"p1":"Of these activities, working on a roof and from a ladder are the most obvious forms of working at height. But you’re still ‘working at height’ if you’re working at ground level beside a large hole, or even underground if there’s a drop below you.","p2":"On the other hand, walking up or down stairs isn’t considered ‘working at height’, and neither is reaching up to something high, or sitting in a chair for that matter!"}},"wah-01-010-030":{"title":"How high is ‘high’?","question-header":{"text":"You’ve seen the types of activities that are classed as working at height, but what sort of height are we actually talking about?"},"question-footer":{"text":"Using the arrows, move this worker to the rung on the ladder where you think ‘working at height’ starts. Select <strong>Confirm</strong> when you’ve finished to see how you did."},"feedback-text":{"p1":"Yes, that’s right. Working at height includes all heights, no matter how far the distance of the potential fall. After all, injuries can be caused by low falls as well as high falls.","p2":"Actually, working at height includes all heights, no matter how far the distance of the potential fall. After all, injuries can be caused by low falls as well as high falls.","p3":"If working at height is so dangerous, you might expect that we’d have a legal duty to try and keep you safe. And you’d be right."}},"wah-01-020-010":{"title":"What does the law say?","intro-text":{"p1":"<a data-id='the-working-at-height-regulations-2005' class='glossary'>The Working at Height Regulations 2005</a> place certain responsibilities on us, as an employer, to ensure that all work at height is carried out safely. Select each responsibility to find out what we’re required to do. When you’ve finished, select <strong>Continue</strong> to move on."},"option1-label":{"text":"Planning and organising"},"option1-text":{"p1":"We must make sure that any work carried out at height is properly planned, organised and supervised."},"option2-label":{"text":"Competent workers"},"option2-text":{"p1":"Anyone working at height must know how to cope with the dangers involved – and that means making sure they’re trained and competent to do the job."},"option3-label":{"text":"Risk assessment"},"option3-text":{"p1":"We must carry out a <a data-id='risk-assessment' class='glossary'>risk assessment</a> before starting work at height so that we can determine the <a data-id='hazard' class='glossary'>hazards</a> involved, and take action to prevent or reduce the likelihood of accidents occurring."},"option4-label":{"text":"Work equipment"},"option4-text":{"p1":"It’s vital that we choose work equipment that’s suitable for the job in hand and, above all, safe."},"option5-label":{"text":"Fragile surfaces"},"option5-text":{"p1":"No one should be allowed on or near a <a data-id='fragile-surface' class='glossary'>fragile surface</a> without knowing the dangers involved and having the proper equipment."},"option6-label":{"text":"Falling objects"},"option6-text":{"p1":"Falling objects can be just as serious as a person falling from height, so we need to prevent this from happening wherever possible."}},"wah-01-030-010":{"title":"What’s next?","text":{"p1":"Of course, the responsibility for working safely is shared by all of us. We, as an employer, need to provide the correct equipment, training and supervision, and you need to recognise the risks and make practical decisions to keep yourself – and others – safe.","p2":"In the next section you’ll be able to try your hand at recognising and dealing with some typical hazards you may come across when you’re working at height. Select <strong>Continue</strong> to move on to the next section now, or <strong>Home</strong> to return to the course menu."}},"wah-02":{"title":"Dealing with the dangers","description":"Explore the dangers of working at height and how to minimise them."},"wah-02-010-010":{"title":"Spot the dangers","question-header":{"text":"If you can recognise dangerous activities, you stand a good chance of reducing the harm they can cause, or avoiding the dangers altogether. Take a look at this scene and see if you can select all the activities that look dangerous."},"question-footer":{"text":"Select <strong>Confirm</strong> when you’ve finished to find out how you did."},"feedback-text":{"p1":"Yes, well done. Any of the activities you’ve spotted could lead to a nasty accident.","p2":"Well done, that’s not far off. Select <strong>Continue</strong> to see the correct answers.","p3":"Not really. Select <strong>Continue</strong> to see the correct answers.","p4":"Any of the activities now highlighted could lead to a nasty accident."},"final-text":{"p1":"Ladders are considered particularly hazardous, so the general advice is to avoid using them wherever possible. They can slip very easily if they’re not secured properly, or if they’re placed against a wall at the wrong angle. And it certainly doesn’t help if the person’s balancing precariously, like the worker shown here.","p2":"Although scaffolding is considered safer than using ladders, that’s only true if it’s used correctly. If the right precautions aren’t taken, then workers can fall. But it’s not just workers who are at risk. Objects can be dropped onto passers-by if they’re not secured properly. And unstable scaffolding, that hasn’t been erected properly, can have catastrophic consequences.","p3":"<a data-id='mobile-elevating-work-platform' class='glossary'>Mobile platforms</a> can provide a safe way of working at height, but again, that’s only if they’re used properly. For a start, workers can fall out of the <a data-id='bucket' class='glossary'>bucket</a>. There’s also the risk of the mobile platform becoming caught on tree branches or power lines, or colliding with passing traffic. And on uneven ground, this type of work equipment can become unstable and even tip over.","p4":"Working on a roof requires great care. Falls can occur from the roof edge, through gaps, holes or roof lights, or through fragile material. There are lots of measures you can take to stay safe on roofs and we’ll look at some of them later on in this section. We hardly need to say that roping yourself to a chimney is not one of them!","p5":"Even low steps and platforms can present a hazard, especially if the wrong footwear is worn, or the step is unstable or not secured.","p6":"It’s unlikely that you’d injure yourself by walking up stairs, or putting up a poster, so neither of these activities would be considered particularly dangerous.","p7":"The big question is, what changes can we introduce to make this whole scene a lot safer? Let’s move on to find out."}},"wah-02-020-010":{"title":"Improving safety","question-header":{"text":"Once you’ve identified a workplace hazard, there are three things you can do to improve safety. These apply to hazards of any kind, not just working at height."},"drag1":{"label":"Avoid the hazard altogether."},"drag2":{"label":"Prevent the hazard from causing any harm."},"drag3":{"label":"Reduce the level of injury the hazard can cause."},"target1-label":{"text":"1."},"target2-label":{"text":"2."},"target3-label":{"text":"3."},"question-footer":{"text":"See if you can put them in priority order, with the highest priority first, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>."},"feedback-text":{"p1":"Yes, that’s right. Your top priority should be to <strong>avoid</strong> a hazard altogether. If that’s not possible then you should aim to <strong>prevent</strong> the hazard from causing harm, or at least <strong>reduce</strong> the level of injury it can cause. Select <strong>Continue</strong> to find out how we can apply this approach to working at height.","p2":"That’s not far off. Your top priority should be to <strong>avoid</strong> a hazard altogether. If that’s not possible then you should aim to <strong>prevent</strong> the hazard from causing harm, or at least <strong>reduce</strong> the level of injury it can cause. Select <strong>Continue</strong> to find out how we can apply this approach to working at height.","p3":"Actually, your top priority should be to <strong>avoid</strong> a hazard altogether. If that’s not possible then you should aim to <strong>prevent</strong> the hazard from causing harm, or at least <strong>reduce</strong> the level of injury it can cause. Select <strong>Continue</strong> to find out how we can apply this approach to working at height."},"final-text":{"p1":"Where at all possible, you must avoid working at height by finding a safe alternative method to carry out the work required. We’ll look at some options for doing this in a moment.","p2":"Where it’s not possible to avoid working at height, you must use work equipment or other measures to try to prevent accidents from occurring.","p3":"Once you’ve done all you can to prevent accidents, you must consider ways of reducing the level of injury should an accident occur.","p4":"OK, let’s take a closer look at the first priority we’ve identified, and explore some options for completely avoiding working at height."}},"wah-02-020-020":{"title":"Avoiding the dangers","intro-text":{"p1":"The first and most important principle of safe working at height is: <strong>not to work at height at all</strong>. There are many jobs traditionally carried out at height that can be performed just as well at ground level. Select the items shown here to find out more and then select <strong>Continue</strong> to move on."},"option1-label":{"text":"Windows"},"option1-text":{"p1":"Jobs such as window cleaning can be carried out from ground level using long-handled equipment."},"option2-label":{"text":"Light fittings"},"option2-text":{"p1":"Some light fittings can be lowered down to ground level for maintenance and cleaning using special <a data-id='winching-equipment' class='glossary'>winching equipment</a>."},"option3-label":{"text":"Pipes and cables"},"option3-text":{"p1":"Modern buildings often have pipes and cables that can be inspected safely, at ground level."},"option4-label":{"text":"Smoke detectors"},"option4-text":{"p1":"Smoke detectors can be tested from ground level using a specially designed pole and aerosol smoke dispenser."},"option5-label":{"text":"Gutters and roofs"},"option5-text":{"p1":"Special equipment can be used to inspect and clean roofs and guttering systems from ground level."}},"wah-02-020-030":{"title":"Taking the right precautions","intro-text":{"p1":"Of course, it’s not always possible to avoid working at height, so you’ll need to find ways of preventing accidents, or at least reducing the level of injury if an accident does occur. Select each approach for some tips on how to do this, and then select <strong>Continue</strong>."},"option1-label":{"text":"Preventing accidents"},"option1-text":{"p1":"Your first priority should be to decide how you can <strong>prevent</strong> accidents. You may think about using alternative work equipment, such as a scaffolding platform instead of a ladder, but you’ll still need to consider all the hazards associated with using scaffolding.","p2":"When deciding what protection measures to take, you should always choose <a data-id='collective-measures' class='glossary'>collective measures</a>, such as <a data-id='guard-rail' class='glossary'>guard rails</a> or <a data-id='toe-board' class='glossary'>toe boards,</a> before any <a data-id='personal-measures' class='glossary'>personal measures</a>, such as a <a data-id='work-restraint-harness' class='glossary'>work restraint harness</a>. Collective measures are easier to use, they protect <i>everyone </i>at risk in the work area and need less effort in terms of training and maintenance."},"option2-label":{"text":"Reducing the level of injury"},"option2-text":{"p1":"When you’ve decided what preventative measures to take, you’ll need to assess whether you can reduce the level of injury should an accident occur. Once again, you should opt for collective measures first, such as <a data-id='safety-net' class='glossary'>safety nets</a> and <a data-id='air-bag' class='glossary'>airbags</a>, before personal measures, such as an <a data-id='anchored-body-harness' class='glossary'>anchored body harness</a>.","p2":"Depending on the sort of activity being carried out, workers may need to wear <a data-id='personal-protection-equipment' class='glossary'>personal protection equipment</a>. For example, wearing a safety helmet can help to reduce the impact from falling objects."},"final-text":{"p1":"So, how does all this work in practice? Let’s see if we can use these principles to improve safety in the street scene we looked at earlier. We’ll begin with a look at ladder safety."}},"wah-02-030-005":{"title":"Safety with ladders","text":{"p1":"Ladders are extremely hazardous, and have their own set of safety measures, but if you follow a few simple steps, there’s no reason why you shouldn’t stay safe.","p2":"First things first: ask yourself if a ladder is right for the job. Do you need a higher level of fall protection? Will the task take more than, say, half an hour? If so, you should consider alternative equipment.","p3":"If a ladder is definitely the way to go, make sure you fully understand the one you’ll be using. Do you know how the locking mechanisms work, for example? Can you raise and secure the ladder safely? If in doubt, get help and advice before using the ladder.","p4":"Inspect the ladder thoroughly to make sure it’s undamaged and clean. If any part of it is worn, bent or missing, don’t use it. If the rungs or stiles are dirty, you could lose your grip. If the feet of the ladder are dirty, it could well slip while you’re on it.","p5":"Look at where the ladder will be used and make sure the ground – as well as the wall it will lean on – are firm, clean and flat. If the ground needs to be levelled, use a proper levelling device. Don’t just pack bits of wood or other material under the feet.","p6":"Ensure the ladder won’t be knocked by passing vehicles or by opening doors or windows.","p7":"If everything checks out, and you’re sure it’s safe, it’s time to raise the ladder… "}},"wah-02-030-010":{"title":"You’re my guardian angle!","question-header":{"text":"You must always place the ladder at a safe angle against the wall."},"question-footer":{"text":"Use the arrows to position this ladder at the correct angle. Select <strong>Confirm</strong> when you’ve finished."},"feedback-text":{"p1":"That’s right. The correct position for a ladder is 1 metre out at the bottom for every 4 metres up.","p2":"That’s too far in! Select <strong>Continue</strong> to see the correct position.","p3":"That’s too far out! Select <strong>Continue</strong> to see the correct position.","p4":"The correct position for a ladder is actually 1 metre out at the bottom for every 4 metres up."},"final-text":{"p1":"As well as putting the ladder at the correct angle, you must position it close to where the work is being done to avoid the problem of over-reaching. You should keep three points of contact on the ladder at all times and make sure it’s secured, either at the top, or by someone holding it at the bottom."}},"wah-02-030-015":{"title":"Stepladder safety","intro-text":{"p1":"Many of the ladder safety tips we’ve just looked at apply equally well to stepladders, but see if you can tell which ones."},"question":{"question":"Look through the ladder safety tips listed here and decide which tips also apply to stepladders.","instruction":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Always consider whether a ladder is right for the job.","option2":"Make sure you understand how any locking mechanisms work.","option3":"Check that the ladder is clean and undamaged.","option4":"Only use a ladder on ground that is clean, firm and level.","option5":"Ensure that nothing will knock into the ladder.","option6":"Set the ladder at the correct angle to the wall.","option7":"While on the ladder, keep three points of contact at all times."},"feedback-text":{"p1":"Yes, that’s right. Most of these tips also apply to stepladders, but there are one or two extra things to remember.","p2":"That’s pretty close. Most of these tips also apply to stepladders, although there are a few extra things to remember.","p3":"Actually, most of these tips also apply to stepladders, although there are a few extra things to remember."},"final-text":{"p1":"The first thing to check is that a stepladder is right for the job. Stepladders are generally fine for quick and light tasks. However, avoid jobs that create a sideways force – such as drilling sideways into a wall. This could cause the stepladder to tip over.","p2":"Just as for ladders, you’ll need to ensure that the stepladder is clean and undamaged, and you’ll need to understand how to lock it ready for use.","p3":"The ground should be clean, firm and level, and all of the stepladder’s feet should be touching the ground so that it’s completely stable. Choose the location carefully, and consider putting fencing or cones around the stepladder to stop anything knocking into it.","p4":"While you’re on the stepladder, you should keep three points of contact to stay safe. You should also avoid standing on the top three steps of a stepladder unless there’s an extended bar to hold onto.","p5":"Most stepladders are designed for free-standing use on level ground, so it shouldn’t be necessary to check the angle it’s at against the wall.","p6":"There’s no doubt that ladders are handy to have around. But even with safety measures in place, they’re still hazardous. If you can, you should always use a safer alternative, like scaffolding."}},"wah-02-030-020":{"title":"Safety with scaffolding","question":{"question":"The whole point of scaffolding is to provide a safe platform to work from. But it’s only safe if you put the right protection measures in place, like those listed here. All of these measures would help to improve safety, but which two would you prioritise as especially important?","instruction":"Choose two answers and then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Safety netting","option2":"Guard rails","option3":"Toe boards","option4":"Air bags"},"feedback-text":{"p1":"That’s right. You should always put measures in place to <strong>prevent</strong> falls before considering how to <strong>reduce</strong> the impact of a fall.","p2":"Not really. You should always put measures in place to <strong>prevent</strong> falls before considering how to <strong>reduce</strong> the impact of a fall."},"final-text":{"p1":"Guard rails and toe boards are collective measures that can help to prevent people or objects from falling off the scaffolding. Additional measures, such as safety nets and air bags, should be used to help reduce the level of injury if a fall occurs."}},"wah-02-030-030":{"title":"Safety with mobile platforms","intro-text":{"p1":"Working with mobile platforms can be much safer than, say, using ladders, but only if you take the right precautions."},"question-header":{"text":"Which of the options shown here do you think would make working on a mobile platform a lot safer?"},"question-footer":{"text":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>."},"option1-label":{"text":"Personal restraint harness"},"option2-label":{"text":"Safety cones"},"option3-label":{"text":"Stabilisers"},"option4-label":{"text":"Safety helmet"},"feedback-text":{"p1":"Yes, well done. All of these measures will help to make this task a lot safer.","p2":"In fact, all of these measures will help to make this task a lot safer."},"final-text":{"p1":"A personal restraint harness will stop the worker falling out of the bucket, and a safety helmet will protect him from possible injury caused by the branches.","p2":"In addition, safety cones will warn passers-by and traffic to steer clear of the work area, and stabilisers will help to keep the mobile platform steady."}},"wah-02-030-040":{"title":"Safety on roofs","question":{"question":"Working on a roof can be particularly dangerous. In the construction industry, nearly half of all deaths and serious injuries are caused by falls through or from roofs. How would you advise this person to work safer?","instruction":"Choose your answer and then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Climb out of the roof light then crawl to the appropriate place.","option2":"Use a ladder to climb up to the roof, then a roof ladder, supported by the guttering, to reach the right place.","option3":"Have a scaffolding work platform erected around the work area."},"feedback-text":{"p1":"Yes, well done. He should have a scaffolding work platform erected around the work area.","p2":"Actually, he should have a scaffolding work platform erected around the work area."},"final-text":{"p1":"<a data-id='roof-light' class='glossary'>Roof lights</a> only provide safe access to a roof if they have special guard rails in place. And you should avoid walking or crawling across slates and tiles at all costs as they’re unlikely to support your weight.","p2":"It’s tempting to use a ladder for all sorts of work at height but you should always consider using some form of work platform first. Properly designed roof ladders can be useful to move across roofs, but you should never use gutters for support.","p3":"By far the safest option is to have a scaffolding work platform erected around the work area, ideally with a safety net fitted. This provides a safe platform to work from and can provide protection in the event of a fall."}},"wah-02-030-050":{"title":"Safety with step stools","question-header":{"text":"Step stools are ideal for carrying out lower height jobs, particularly in offices. You can stand on a step stool to pin up posters and reach things from high shelves. But what if there’s not one available? Which of the following would you recommend standing on instead?"},"question-footer":{"text":"Choose your answers and then select <strong>Confirm</strong>."},"feedback-text":{"p1":"Yes, well done. If there’s not a step stool available, the safest alternative is a stepladder. You should avoid standing on the other items at all costs.","p2":"In fact, if there’s not a step stool available, the safest alternative is a stepladder. You should avoid standing on the other items at all costs."},"final-text":{"p1":"Accidents often occur in offices as a result of standing on unsuitable equipment to reach things. You should never stand on a chair or desk to reach or do something, and standing on a window sill is simply an accident waiting to happen!","p2":"Even when you do use a step stool, you still need to take precautions. For a start, you should always wear sensible footwear, and make sure the stool is on a flat surface.  You should also avoid reaching up high for heavy items as they could fall and cause an injury. To prevent this, try to store heavy items at waist height, or closer to the floor instead."}},"wah-02-040-010":{"title":"The end result","text":{"p1":"Here are the results of all your efforts. The safety measures are in place and the work being carried out is looking a lot safer than before. But you can’t relax yet! When you’re ready, select <strong>Continue</strong> to find out why."}},"wah-02-040-020":{"title":"Staying safe","question":{"question":"Even when you’ve implemented safety measures, you’ll still need to carry out regular reviews of any activities involving working at height. Why do you think this is?","instruction":"Choose your answers and then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"To ensure that work at height only continues where there is no other alternative.","option2":"To check that the protection measures and work equipment being used are still adequate to deal with the hazards.","option3":"To identify any defective protection measures or work equipment.","option4":"To assess whether any protection measures can be removed in order to reduce costs."},"feedback-text":{"p1":"Yes, well done. As with any dangerous activity, it’s important not to be complacent just because you’ve implemented safety measures.","p2":"That’s close. As with any dangerous activity, it’s important not to be complacent just because you’ve implemented safety measures.","p3":"Not really. As with any dangerous activity, it’s important not to be complacent just because you’ve implemented safety measures."},"final-text":{"p1":"Regular reviews may help you to spot a safer way of doing the work, perhaps avoiding the need to work at height at all.","p2":"The way you carry out activities can change over time, so it’s important to make sure that the work equipment and protection measures in place are still adequate to deal with the hazards.","p3":"Any equipment can be prone to faults or defects, so it’s vital to carry out regular checks to make sure everything’s working properly.","p4":"Finally, removing safety measures in order to reduce costs may compromise people’s safety and is completely unacceptable. When it comes to safety, costs should always be a secondary issue."}},"wah-02-050-010":{"title":"What we’ve covered","text":{"p1":"It’s clear that the dangers associated with working at height can be avoided, or at least minimised, provided they’re recognised and dealt with correctly. In this section you’ve been able to try your hand at recognising and dealing with dangers, and learnt the importance of carrying out regular reviews.","p2":"In the next section, we’ll look at the policies and guidelines we’ve put in place to reduce risk. Select <strong>Continue</strong> to move on to the next section now, or <strong>Home</strong> to return to the course menu.","p3":"In the next section, you’ll be able to test your knowledge of what we’ve covered in this course. Select <strong>Home</strong> to return to the course menu.","p4":"Select <strong>Home</strong> to return to the course menu."}},"wah-03":{"title":"Our policies & guidelines","description":"Find out about the policies and guidelines we’ve put in place to minimise risk."},"wah-04":{"title":"Test your knowledge","description":"Check your understanding of what we’ve covered in this course."},"wah-quiz-01-010-010":{"question":{"question":"Which of the following activities are examples of ‘working at height’?","instruction":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"A librarian standing on a step stool to reach some books on a shelf.","option2":"A window cleaner standing on a pavement to clean a ground floor window.","option3":"A painter standing on a stepladder to decorate a hallway ceiling.","option4":"A scaffolder erecting scaffolding on a building site."}},"wah-quiz-01-010-020":{"question":{"question":"Which of the following activities are examples of ‘working at height’?","instruction":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Two people passing each other on the stairs.","option2":"A decorator painting window frames while standing on a flat roof – but without using a ladder.","option3":"An electrician working at ground level, next to a deep opening in the ground.","option4":"A tall person reaching up to a high shelf to get something for a shorter colleague."}},"wah-quiz-01-010-030":{"question":{"question":"Which of the following statements about the risks of working at height are true?","instruction":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Falls from height are not common, but they are the biggest cause of deaths at work.","option2":"Working at height only refers to work carried out more than 2m above sea level.","option3":"Short falls are generally considered safe. It takes a high fall to cause injury.","option4":"Falls from height are one of the main causes of major injury at work.","choiceLabels":"${manifest.player.question.option.choice-label-true},${manifest.player.question.option.choice-label-false}"}},"wah-quiz-01-010-040":{"question":{"question":"Which of the following requirements are set out in The Working at Height Regulations 2005?","instruction":"Choose your answers and then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"All workers must be trained and competent to do the job.","option2":"All work equipment must be suitable and safe.","option3":"No one should be allowed on or near a fragile surface without knowing the dangers involved.","option4":"Action should be taken to prevent objects falling from height.","option5":"A risk assessment must be carried out after work at height is completed."}},"wah-quiz-01-010-050":{"question":{"question":"What do the Working at Height Regulations require employers to do before any work at height is carried out?","instruction":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Make sure the work is properly planned, organised and supervised.","option2":"Assign at least three workers to each working at height task.","option3":"Carry out a risk assessment to determine the hazards involved.","option4":"Ensure staff are properly trained and competent to do the job."}},"wah-quiz-01-010-060":{"question":{"question":"Who is responsible for ensuring that work at height is carried out safely?","instruction":"Choose your answer, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"The employer is responsible for providing the correct equipment and training.","option2":"The line manager or supervisor of the person carrying out the task is responsible for ensuring that safety remains the top priority.","option3":"The person carrying out the task is responsible for making practical decisions to keep themselves and everyone else safe.","option4":"All of the above."}},"wah-quiz-02-010-010":{"question-header":{"text":"Andy needs to test the smoke detectors above the stair wells in a block of flats. He is considering three options for carrying out the work."},"question-footer":{"text":"See if you can put them in priority order, with the highest priority first, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>."},"drag1":{"label":"Use long-handled equipment to test the smoke detectors from ground level."},"drag2":{"label":"Use a work platform with guard rails and toe boards to prevent falls."},"drag3":{"label":"Use a work platform with a safety net to reduce the impact of a fall."},"target1-label":{"text":"1."},"target2-label":{"text":"2."},"target3-label":{"text":"3."}},"wah-quiz-02-010-020":{"question":{"question":"Pam and some fellow artists have been commissioned to paint a mural on a church ceiling. They are arranging to have a scaffolding platform erected to help them carry out the work. Which of the following are collective protection measures that can be used to protect everyone who works on the platform?","instruction":"Choose your answers and then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Work restraint harness","option2":"Guard rail","option3":"Toe board","option4":"Airbag","option5":"Safety helmet","option6":"Safety net"}},"wah-quiz-02-010-030":{"question":{"question":"A colleague wants to dust the top of some tall shelves. What would be the safest way to achieve this?","instruction":"Choose your answer, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"A ladder, correctly secured.","option2":"A mobile platform with lockable wheels.","option3":"A duster fixed to a long handle.","option4":"A handy chair or low step stool."}},"wah-quiz-02-010-040":{"question":{"question":"You’ve decided to replace the battery in a smoke detector using a ladder. What checks should you carry out before you start this task?","instruction":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"The ladder should be clean and undamaged.","option2":"If the ground is uneven, you should pack bits of cardboard or wood under the ladder’s feet.","option3":"You should know – or find out – how to raise and secure the ladder properly.","option4":"The area where the ladder will be used should be clean and flat, and well clear of anything that could knock into the ladder."}},"wah-quiz-02-010-050":{"question":{"question":"Which of these statements about the dangers of working at height are true?","instruction":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Ladders can slip if they’re not secured, or if they’re set up at the wrong angle.","option2":"Scaffolding is safer than ladders, if used correctly.","option3":"Roofs generally provide a safe working environment as they are solid and robust enough to move about on.","option4":"Low steps and platforms can still present a hazard even though they’re close to the ground.","choiceLabels":"${manifest.player.question.option.choice-label-true},${manifest.player.question.option.choice-label-false}"}},"wah-quiz-02-010-060":{"question":{"question":"Once you’ve identified a workplace hazard involving working at height, what should your three top priorities be?","instruction":"Choose three answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Look for ways to avoid the hazard altogether, by not having to work at height.","option2":"Prevent the hazard from causing harm by finding safe ways to work at height.","option3":"Reduce the level of injury the hazard can cause, e.g. by using safety nets or other protective equipment.","option4":"Complete the task as quickly as possible to reduce the time spent exposed to the risk."}},"wah-quiz-02-010-070":{"question":{"question":"Celine is intending to use a step ladder to change a lightbulb in a chandelier. What should she do before she starts?","instruction":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Celine should check if an alternative approach is available. Large light fittings sometimes winch down for ease of maintenance.","option2":"Celine should ensure that the step ladder is short enough to enable her to stand on the top platform and reach up to the chandelier above her head.","option3":"Celine should check the step ladder to make sure it’s undamaged and clean.","option4":"Celine should make sure that the floor is level, and the step ladder won’t be knocked by passers by."}},"wah-quiz-02-010-080":{"question":{"question":"What’s the correct angle to place a ladder against a wall?","instruction":"Choose your answer, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"1 metre out at the bottom for every 4 metres up.","option2":"2 metres out at the bottom for every 3 metres up.","option3":"3 metres out at the bottom for every 5 metres up.","option4":"4 metres out at the bottom for every 1 metre up."}},"wah-quiz-02-010-090":{"question":{"question":"Dinesh works in an office that has tall shelving units. He occasionally needs to access some small items on the highest shelf, but they’re just beyond his reach. Which of these options would you suggest?","instruction":"Choose your answer, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"Dinesh should stand carefully on the lowest shelf to reach the top shelf.","option2":"Dinesh should stand on an office chair. Provided it’s only occasionally, this should be a safe approach.","option3":"Dinesh should use a long stick to knock the items he needs off the top shelf, and then catch them as they fall.","option4":"Dinesh could carefully use a small step stool for this purpose."}},"wah-quiz-02-010-100":{"question":{"question":"Why is is important to monitor and review any activities that involve working at height?","instruction":"Choose your answers, then select <strong>Confirm</strong>.","option1":"To check for faults or defects in the equipment being used.","option2":"To see if it’s still necessary to work at height.","option3":"To look for opportunities to reduce costs by removing safety measures that seem excessive.","option4":"To check that the protection measures being used are still the safest way to minimise the risk."}}}